TAH5264 Partonomy List P3F

Partonomy list P3F, primary language: LA, subsidiary: EN, interface: EN, work in progress

telencephalon

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Home page	TAH partonomy
Top level	systema nervosum centrale Short Extended
Level 2	encephalon Short Extended
Current level	telencephalon Short
Subsidiary language with Latin
Non Latin primary language

Partonomy list

FMA	TA	UID	ISA	Short official Latin term	Short English equivalent
62000		5264	tax	telencephalon ; cerebrum	telencephalon ; brain
		12095		morphologia externa telencephali	external morphology of telencephalon
83727		5976	tax	fissura longitudinalis cerebri	longitudinal cerebral fissure
61817		5971↓	tax	hemispherium cerebri (par)	cerebral hemisphere (pair)
83874		5973	tax	gyri cerebri (par)	cerebral gyri (pair)
327491		5975	tax	sulci cerebri (par)	cerebral grooves (pair)
84361		5978	tax	fossa lateralis cerebri (par)	lateral cerebral fossa (pair)
		14197	tax	vallecula cerebri (par)	cerebral vallecula (pair)
75140		5979	tax	margo superior (par)	superior border (pair)
75141		5980	tax	margo inferomedialis (par)	inferomedial border (pair)
75142		5981	tax	margo inferolateralis (par)	inferolateral border (pair)
		5982	tax	facies superolateralis (par)	superolateral surface (pair)
		6037	tax	facies inferomedialis (par)	inferomedial surface (pair)
		12438	tax	gyri interlobares (par) P4 29 children	interlobar gyri (pair)
		12439	tax	operculum insulare (par)	insular operculum (pair)
74886		5993	tax	operculum frontale (par)	frontal operculum (pair)
74889		6007↓	tax	operculum parietale (par)	parietal operculum (pair)
74891		6020↓	tax	operculum temporale (par)	temporal operculum (pair)
274737		8666↓	tax	gyrus subcentralis (par)	subcentral gyrus (pair)
77534		6045	tax	lobulus paracentralis (par)	paracentral lobule (pair)
77537		6046	tax	gyrus paracentralis anterior (par)	anterior paracentral gyrus (pair)
224854		12237	tax	cortex motorius primarius (par)	primary motor cortex (pair)
77538		6058	tax	gyrus paracentralis posterior (par)	posterior paracentral gyrus (pair)
		13176	tax	sulci interlobares (par) P4 45 children	interlobar grooves (pair)
		5983	tax	sulci interlobares superolaterales (par)	superolateral interlobar grooves (pair)
83752		5984	tax	sulcus centralis (par)	central groove (pair)
77801		5985	tax	sulcus lateralis (par)	lateral groove (pair)
83761		5986	tax	ramus posterior (par)	posterior branch (pair)
83759		5987	tax	ramus ascendens (par)	ascending branch (pair)
83760		5988	tax	ramus anterior (par)	anterior branch (pair)
83754		5989	tax	sulcus parietooccipitalis (par)	parietooccipital groove (pair)
83739		5990	tax	incisura preoccipitalis (par)	preoccipital notch (pair)
		9115	tax	sulci interlobares inferomediales (par)	inferomedial interlobar grooves (pair)
83743		6038	tax	sulcus corporis callosi (par)	groove of corpus callosum (pair)
83748		6039	tax	sulcus cingularis (par) ; sulcus cinguli (par)	cingulate groove (pair) ; sulcus of girdle (pair)
83773		6040	tax	ramus marginalis (par) ; sulcus marginalis (par)	marginal branch (pair) ; marginal groove (pair)
83777		6041	tax	sulcus subparietalis (par)	subparietal groove (pair)
83751		6042	tax	sulcus collateralis (par) ; sulcus occipitotemporalis medialis (par)	collateral groove (pair) ; medial occipitotemporal groove (pair)
83752		5984	tax	sulcus centralis	central groove
61823		5974	tax	lobi cerebri (par)	cerebral lobes (pair)
61824		5991	tax	lobus frontalis (par) P4 223 children	frontal lobe (pair)
274359		8658	tax	facies superolateralis (par)	superolateral surface (pair)
		8659↓	tax	sulcus frontomarginalis (par)	frontomarginal groove (pair)
74885		5992↓	tax	polus frontalis (par)	frontal pole (pair)
274406		11028	tax	area frontopolaris (par)	frontopolar area (pair)
274408		11029	tax	gyrus frontopolaris superior (par)	superior frontopolar gyrus (pair)
274420		11032	tax	gyrus frontopolaris medius (par)	middle frontopolar gyrus (pair)
274414		11034	tax	gyrus frontopolaris inferior (par)	inferior frontopolar gyrus (pair)
274504		11035	tax	gyrus frontomarginalis (par)	frontomarginal gyrus (pair)
74886		5993	tax	operculum frontale	frontal operculum
61860		5994	tax	gyrus frontalis inferior (par)	inferior frontal gyrus (pair)
61982		5995	tax	pars orbitalis (par)	orbital part (pair)
61980		5996↓	tax	pars triangularis (par)	triangular part (pair)
		11840	tax	sulcus radiatus (par)	radiate groove (pair)
61981		5997	tax	pars opercularis (par)	opercular part (pair)
83758		8780↓	tax	sulcus diagonalis (par)	diagonal groove (pair)
83757		5998	tax	sulcus frontalis inferior (par)	inferior frontal groove (pair)
273103		5999	tax	gyrus frontalis medius (par)	middle frontal gyrus (pair)
		8660	tax	cortex prefrontalis superolateralis (par)	superolateral prefrontal cortex (pair)
276189		8661	tax	cortex prefrontalis dorsolateralis (par)	dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (pair)
276198		8662	tax	cortex prefrontalis ventrolateralis (par)	ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (pair)
		8663↓	tax	cortex premotorius superolateralis (par)	superolateral premotor cortex (pair)
		8664↓	tax	cortex premotorius dorsalis (par)	dorsal premotor cortex (pair)
		8665↓	tax	cortex premotorius ventralis (par)	ventral premotor cortex (pair)
61894		6000	tax	gyrus precentralis (par)	precentral gyrus (pair)
		12236	tax	cortex motorius primarius gyri precentralis (par)	primary motor cortex of precentral gyrus (pair)
83800		6001	tax	sulcus precentralis (par)	precentral groove (pair)
83765		8667↓	tax	sulcus subcentralis anterior (par)	anterior subcentral groove (pair)
83778		8668↓	tax	sulcus subcentralis posterior (par)	posterior subcentral groove (pair)
61857		6002	tax	gyrus frontalis superior (par)	superior frontal gyrus (pair)
83755		6003	tax	sulcus frontalis superior (par)	superior frontal groove (pair)
274366		9118	tax	facies inferomedialis (par)	inferomedial surface (pair)
61857		6002	tax	gyrus frontalis superior	superior frontal gyrus
		12158↓	tax	sulcus paracingularis (par)	paracingulate groove (pair)
		12159↓	tax	gyrus paracingularis (par)	paracingulate gyrus (pair)
83782		6044	tax	sulcus paracentralis (par)	paracentral groove (pair)
77534		6045	tax	lobulus paracentralis	paracentral lobule
77537		6046	tax	gyrus paracentralis anterior	anterior paracentral gyrus
224854		12237	tax	cortex motorius primarius	primary motor cortex
		8669	tax	cortex prefrontalis inferomedialis (par)	inferomedial prefrontal cortex (pair)
		8670	tax	cortex prefrontalis medialis (par)	medial prefrontal cortex (pair)
		8671↓	tax	cortex premotorius inferomedialis (par)	inferomedial premotor cortex (pair)
		8672↓	tax	cortex premotorius medialis (par)	medial premotor cortex (pair)
61890		6047	tax	area subcallosa (par) ; gyrus subcallosus (par)	subcallosal area (pair) ; subcallosal gyrus (pair)
61919		6048	tax	gyrus paraterminalis (par)	paraterminal gyrus (pair)
61890		6049	tax	area paraolfactoria (par)	paraolfactory area (pair)
72019		6050	tax	gyrus paraolfactorius (par)	paraolfactory gyrus (pair)
		6051	tax	sulci paraolfactorii (par)	paraolfactory grooves (pair)
83744		8673	tax	sulcus paraolfactorius anterior (par)	anterior paraolfactory groove (pair)
83745		8674	tax	sulcus paraolfactorius posterior (par)	posterior paraolfactory groove (pair)
256194		6052↓	tax	gyri orbitales (par)	orbital gyri (pair)
62419		8675↓	tax	gyrus orbitalis medialis (par)	medial orbital gyrus (pair)
256196		8676↓	tax	gyrus orbitalis anterior (par)	anterior orbital gyrus (pair)
80184		8677↓	tax	gyrus orbitalis posterior (par)	posterior orbital gyrus (pair)
62418		8678↓	tax	gyrus orbitalis lateralis (par)	lateral orbital gyrus (pair)
		12160↓	tax	lobulus orbitalis posteromedialis (par)	posteromedial orbital lobule (pair)
		12161↓	tax	regio orbitalis posterolateralis (par)	posterolateral orbital region (pair)
83770		6053↓	tax	sulci orbitales (par)	orbital grooves (pair)
		8679↓	tax	sulcus orbitalis lateralis (par)	lateral orbital groove (pair)
83771		8680↓	tax	sulcus orbitalis transversus (par)	transverse orbital groove (pair)
		8681↓	tax	sulcus orbitalis medialis (par)	medial orbital groove (pair)
		12162↓	tax	sulcus rostralis superior (par)	superior rostral groove (pair)
		12163↓	tax	sulcus rostralis inferior (par)	inferior rostral groove (pair)
61893		6054	tax	gyrus rectus (par)	rectus gyrus (pair)
83769		6055	tax	sulcus olfactorius (par)	olfactory groove (pair)
61891		8682	tax	substantia perforata anterior (par) ; substantia perforata rostralis (par)	anterior perforated substance (pair) ; rostral perforated substance (pair)
		8683	tax	structurae olfactoriae (par)	olfactory structures (pair)
77624		6195	tax	bulbus olfactorius (par)	olfactory bulb (pair)
77625		6196	tax	pedunculus olfactorius (par)	olfactory peduncle (pair)
77626		6197	tax	tractus olfactorius	olfactory tract
74883		6198	tax	trigonum olfactorium (par)	olfactory trigone (pair)
61891		6199	tax	tuberculum olfactorium	olfactory tubercle
323281		6200	tax	striae olfactoriae (par)	olfactory striae (pair)
77627		6201	tax	stria olfactoria medialis (par)	medial olfactory stria (pair)
61971		6202	tax	stria olfactoria lateralis (par)	lateral olfactory stria (pair)
77626		6197	tax	tractus olfactorius	olfactory tract
323108		8686↓	tax	regio retrobulbaris (par)	retrobulbar region (pair)
62484		8687	tax	cortex piriformis (par) ; cortex olfactorius primarius (par)	piriform cortex (pair) ; primary olfactory cortex (pair)
		8689	tax	pars frontalis (par)	frontal part (pair)
		8690	tax	pars temporalis (par)	temporal part (pair)
61826		6004	tax	lobus parietalis (par) P4 50 children	parietal lobe (pair)
		8698	tax	facies superolateralis (par)	superolateral surface (pair)
61896		6009	tax	gyrus postcentralis (par)	postcentral gyrus (pair)
		12238	tax	cortex somatosensorius primarius gyri postcentralis (par)	primary somatosensory cortex of postcentral gyrus (pair)
83774		6010	tax	sulcus postcentralis (par)	postcentral groove (pair)
61899		6011↓	tax	lobulus parietalis superior (par)	superior parietal lobule (pair)
83772		6008↓	tax	sulcus intraparietalis (par)	intraparietal groove (pair)
		8781↓	tax	sulcus intermedius primus (par) ; sulcus intermedius anterior (par)	first intermediate groove (pair) ; anterior intermediate groove (pair)
		8782↓	tax	sulcus intermedius secundus (par) ; sulcus intermedius posterior (par)	second intermediate groove (pair) ; posterior intermediate groove (pair)
		9122↓	tax	sulcus parietalis transversus	transverse parietal groove
77536		6006↓	tax	lobulus parietalis inferior (par)	inferior parietal lobule (pair)
61898		6005↓	tax	gyrus angularis (par)	angular gyrus (pair)
74889		6007↓	tax	operculum parietale	parietal operculum
61897		6012↓	tax	gyrus supramarginalis (par)	supramarginal gyrus (pair)
		9120	tax	facies inferomedialis (par)	inferomedial surface (pair)
77534		6045	tax	lobulus paracentralis	paracentral lobule
77538		6058	tax	gyrus paracentralis posterior	posterior paracentral gyrus
		12239	tax	cortex somatosensorius primarius gyri paracentralis posterioris	primary somatosensory cortex of posterior paracentral gyrus
		9122↓	tax	sulcus parietalis transversus (par)	transverse parietal groove (pair)
61900		6059	tax	precuneus (par)	precuneus (pair)
83777		6041	tax	sulcus subparietalis	subparietal groove
67325		6013	tax	lobus occipitalis (par) P4 55 children	occipital lobe (pair)
		8700	tax	facies superolateralis (par)	superolateral surface (pair)
74892		6014	tax	polus occipitalis (par)	occipital pole (pair)
83788		6015	tax	sulcus lunatus (par)	lunate groove (pair)
83786		6016	tax	sulcus occipitalis transversus (par)	transverse occipital groove (pair)
61901		8701	tax	gyrus occipitalis superior (par)	superior occipital gyrus (pair)
61902		8702	tax	gyrus occipitalis medius (par)	middle occipital gyrus (pair)
273129		8703	tax	gyrus occipitalis inferior (par)	inferior occipital gyrus (pair)
274557		8691	tax	gyrus occipitalis descendens (par)	descending occipital gyrus (pair)
		8692	tax	area striata superolateralis (par)	superolateral striate area (pair)
		9119	tax	cortex visualis primarius ; area striata	primary visual cortex ; striate area
		8784	tax	area extrastriata superolateralis (par)	superolateral extrastriate area (pair)
		9125	tax	facies inferomedialis (par)	inferomedial surface (pair)
61903		6060	tax	cuneus (par)	cuneus (pair)
83749		6061	tax	sulcus calcarinus (par)	calcarine groove (pair)
61904		6062	tax	gyrus lingularis (par) ; gyrus occipitotemporalis medialis (par)	lingular gyrus (pair) ; medial occipitotemporal gyrus (pair)
74518		6065	tax	sulcus occipitotemporalis (par) ; sulcus occipitotemporalis lateralis (par)	occipitotemporal groove (pair) ; lateral occipitotemporal groove (pair)
		8704	tax	area striata inferomedialis (par)	inferomedial striate area (pair)
		9119	tax	cortex visualis primarius ; area striata	primary visual cortex ; striate area
		8709	tax	area extrastriata inferomedialis (par)	inferomedial extrastriate area (pair)
61825		6017	tax	lobus temporalis (par) P4 82 children	temporal lobe (pair)
		8705	tax	facies superolateralis (par)	superolateral surface (pair)
74890		6018	tax	polus temporalis (par)	temporal pole (pair)
61905		6019↓	tax	gyrus temporalis superior (par)	superior temporal gyrus (pair)
70701		8706↓	tax	pars anterior (par) ; cortex auditorius secundarius (par)	anterior part (pair) ; secondary auditory cortex (pair) ; belt area (pair)
70703		8708↓	tax	pars posterior (par)	posterior part (pair)
74891		6020↓	tax	operculum temporale	temporal operculum
71043		8710	tax	planum polare (par)	polar plane (pair)
273671		6021↓	tax	gyri temporales transversi (par)	transverse temporal gyri (pair)
272953		12252	tax	cortex auditorius primarius (par)	primary auditory cortex (pair) ; core area (pair)
61909		6022	tax	gyrus temporalis transversus anterior (par)	anterior transverse temporal gyrus (pair)
61910		6023	tax	gyrus temporalis transversus posterior (par)	posterior transverse temporal gyrus (pair)
71045		6024↓	tax	planum temporale (par)	temporal plane (pair)
83782		6025	tax	sulci temporales transversi (par)	transverse temporal grooves (pair)
		8711	tax	sulcus temporalis transversus anterior (par)	anterior transverse temporal groove (pair)
		8712	tax	sulcus temporalis transversus intermedius (par)	intermediate transverse temporal groove (pair)
		8713	tax	sulcus temporalis transversus posterior (par)	posterior transverse temporal groove (pair)
83783		6026	tax	sulcus temporalis superior (par)	superior temporal groove (pair)
61906		6027	tax	gyrus temporalis medius (par)	middle temporal gyrus (pair)
83784		6028	tax	sulcus temporalis inferior (par)	inferior temporal groove (pair)
61907		6029↓	tax	gyrus temporalis inferior (par)	inferior temporal gyrus (pair)
		9129	tax	facies inferomedialis (par)	inferomedial surface (pair)
61907		6029↓	tax	gyrus temporalis inferior	inferior temporal gyrus
74518		6065	tax	sulcus occipitotemporalis ; sulcus occipitotemporalis lateralis	occipitotemporal groove ; lateral occipitotemporal groove
61908		6063	tax	gyrus fusiformis (par) ; gyrus occipitotemporalis lateralis (par)	fusiform gyrus (pair) ; lateral occipitotemporal gyrus (pair)
		12164	tax	pars medialis gyri fusiformis (par)	medial part of fusiform gyrus (pair)
		12165	tax	pars lateralis gyri fusiformis (par)	lateral part of fusiform gyrus (pair)
68633		8714↓	tax	cortex ectorhinalis (par)	ectorhinal cortex (pair)
		12166	tax	sulcus fusiformis medius (par)	midfusiform sulcus (pair)
83751		6042	tax	sulcus collateralis ; sulcus occipitotemporalis medialis	collateral groove ; medial occipitotemporal groove
61918		6070	tax	gyrus parahippocampalis	parahippocampal gyrus
67329		6030↓	tax	insula (par) P4 44 children	islet (pair) ; insular lobe (pair)
274526		6031	tax	gyri insulae (par)	insular gyri (pair)
67555		6032	tax	gyri longi insulae (par)	long gyri of islet (pair)
274723		11498	tax	gyrus longus anterior insulae (par)	anterior long gyrus of islet (pair)
274729		11508	tax	gyrus longus posterior insulae (par)	posterior long gyrus of islet (pair)
61913		6033	tax	gyri breves insulae (par)	short gyri of islet (pair)
274705		11509	tax	gyrus brevis anterior insulae (par)	anterior short gyrus of islet (pair)
274711		11510	tax	gyrus brevis medius insulae (par)	middle short gyrus of islet (pair)
274717		11511	tax	gyrus brevis posterior insulae (par)	posterior short gyrus of islet (pair)
		12167	tax	gyrus transversus insulae (par)	transverse gyrus of islet (pair)
61915		11513	tax	gyrus accessorius anterior insulae (par)	anterior accessory gyrus of islet (pair)
83753		6035	tax	sulcus circularis insulae (par) ; sulcus periinsularis (par)	circular groove of islet (pair) ; periinsular groove (pair)
83779		6034	tax	sulcus centralis superior insulae (par)	superior central groove of islet (pair)
75266		6036	tax	limen insulae (par)	limen of islet (pair)
		9241	tax	regio peripaleocorticalis claustralis (par)	claustral peripaleocortical region (pair)
72719		6066	tax	lobus limbicus (par) P4 137 children	limbic lobe (pair)
275048		8717	tax	gyrus limbicus (par)	limbic gyrus (pair) ; outer ring of limbic lobe (pair)
61890		6047	tax	area subcallosa ; gyrus subcallosus	subcallosal area ; subcallosal gyrus
62434		6067↓	tax	gyrus cingularis (par)	cingulate gyrus (pair) ; gyrus of girdle (pair)
61916		8718	tax	pars anterior (par)	anterior cingulate cortex (pair)
276530		8720	tax	pars media (par)	midcingulate cortex (pair)
61924		8726	tax	pars posterior (par)	posterior cingulate cortex (pair)
		9433↓	tax	cortex retrosplenialis	retrosplenial cortex
62502		6068	tax	isthmus gyri cingularis (par)	isthmus of cingulate gyrus (pair)
61918		6070	tax	gyrus parahippocampalis (par)	parahippocampal gyrus (pair)
72356		8740↓	tax	cortex entorhinalis (par)	entorhinal cortex (pair)
		8741	tax	substantia reticularis alba (par)	white reticular matter (pair)
		8742↓	tax	verrucae hippocampi (par)	hippocampal warts (pair)
		8719↓	tax	cortex perirhinalis (par)	perirhinal cortex (pair)
		9432	tax	subregio transentorhinalis (par)	transentorhinal subregion (pair)
74884		6071↓	tax	uncus (par)	uncus (pair)
		8734↓	tax	gyrus ambiens (par)	ambient gyrus (pair)
		8735↓	tax	sulcus semianularis (par)	semianular groove (pair)
		8736↓	tax	gyrus semilunaris (par)	semilunar gyrus (pair)
		8737↓	tax	gyrus uncinatus (par)	uncinate gyrus (pair)
		8738↓	tax	limbus fasciae dentatae (par)	limbus of dentate gyrus (pair)
275054		8739↓	tax	gyrus intralimbicus (par)	intralimbic gyrus (pair) ; uncal apex (pair)
83751		6042	tax	sulcus collateralis ; sulcus occipitotemporalis medialis	collateral groove ; medial occipitotemporal groove
83746		6076	tax	sulcus rhinalis (par)	rhinal groove (pair)
		8756↓	tax	sulcus intrarhinalis (par)	intrarhinal groove (pair)
		12155↓	tax	regio periamygdaloidea (par)	periamygdaloid region (pair)
74038		8721	tax	formatio hippocampi (par)	hippocampal formation (pair) ; inner ring of limbic lobe (pair)
277774		8722	tax	pars precommissuralis hippocampi (par)	precommissural part of hippocampus (pair)
		8723	tax	pars supracommissuralis hippocampi (par)	supracommissural part of hippocampus (pair)
62439		6083	tax	stria longitudinalis lateralis (par)	lateral longitudinal stria (pair)
62488		6082	tax	indusium griseum (par)	indusium griseum (pair)
67956		6084	tax	stria longitudinalis medialis (par)	medial longitudinal stria (pair)
277777		8724↓	tax	hippocampus proprius (par) ; pars retrocommissuralis hippocampi (par)	proper hippocampus (pair) ; retrocommissural part of hippocampus (pair)
		12253	tax	divisiones hippocampi proprii (par)	subdivisions of proper hippocampus (pair)
323277		6146	tax	pes hippocampi (par)	pes of hippocampus (pair)
		6147	tax	digitationes hippocampi (par)	hippocampal digitations (pair)
275036		9275	tax	caput hippocampi (par) ; segmentum anterius hippocampi (par)	head of hippocampus (pair) ; anterior segment (pair)
275030		9278	tax	corpus hippocampi (par) ; segmentum medium hippocampi (par)	body of hippocampus (pair) ; middle segment of hippocampus (pair)
275042		9294	tax	cauda hippocampi (par) ; segmentum posterius hippocampi (par)	tail of hippocampus (pair) ; posterior segment of hippocampus (pair)
83747		6072	tax	sulcus hippocampalis (par)	hippocampal groove (pair)
61922		6073	tax	gyrus dentatus (par) ; fascia dentata (par)	dentate gyrus (pair) ; dentate fascia (pair)
83728		6074	tax	sulcus fimbriodentatus (par)	fimbriodentate groove (pair)
		8762↓	tax	dentes subiculi (par) ; gyri subspleniales (par)	teeth of subiculum (pair) ; subsplenial gyri (pair) ; gyrus of Andreas Retzii (pair)
61921		6069↓	tax	gyrus fasciolaris (par)	fasciolar gyrus (pair)
275093		8757↓	tax	fasciola cinerea (par)	fasciola cinerea (pair)
74414		6149	tax	subiculum (par)	subiculum (pair)
62486		6148	tax	presubiculum (par)	presubiculum (pair)
77604		6145	tax	parasubiculum (par)	parasubiculum (pair)
86464		6077	tax	corpus callosum P4 4 children	corpus callosum
61945		6078	tax	rostrum	rostrum
61946		6079	tax	genu	genu
		6080	tax	truncus ; corpus	trunk ; body
61948		6081	tax	splenium	splenium
61844		6098	tax	septum pellucidum P4 4 children	septum pellucidum
61874		6099	tax	cavum	cave
62472		6100		lamina (par)	layer (pair)
		12096		morphologia interna telencephali	internal morphology of telencephalon
61830		6124	tax	cortex cerebri (par)	cerebral cortex (pair)
		5972↓	tax	pallium (par) P4 14 children	pallium (pair)
		8793↓	tax	pallium dorsale (par)	dorsal pallium (pair)
		8798↓	tax	pallium laterale (par)	lateral pallium (pair)
		8826↓	tax	pallium mediale (par)	medial pallium (pair)
		8827↓	tax	pallium ventrale (par)	ventral pallium (pair)
62429		6130	tax	isocortex (par) ; neocortex (par) P4 188 children	isocortex (pair) ; neocortex (pair)
68606		8830↓	tax	isocortex granularis (par)	granular isocortex (pair)
		8851	tax	areae sensoriae primariae (par)	primary sensory areas (pair)
		8852	tax	areae sensoriae unimodales (par)	unimodal sensory areas (pair)
		8853	tax	areae associationis ordini magni (par); areae majores associationis (par)	higher order association areas (pair); principal association areas (pair)
68602		8868	tax	isocortex agranularis (par)	agranular isocortex (pair)
		8869	tax	area motoria primaria (par)	primary motor area (pair)
		8919	tax	areae motoriae nonprimariae (par)	nonprimary motor areas (pair)
		6131	tax	strata isocorticis (par)	layers of isocortex (pair)
242259		6132	tax	lamina molecularis (par) ; lamina I (par)	molecular layer (pair) ; layer I (pair)
242264		6133	tax	lamina granularis externa (par) ; lamina II (par)	external granular layer (pair) ; layer II (pair)
242283		6134	tax	lamina pyramidalis externa (par) ; lamina III (par)	external pyramidal layer (pair) ; layer III (pair)
242298		6135	tax	lamina granularis interna (par) ; lamina IV (par)	internal granular layer (pair) ; layer IV (pair)
242313		6136	tax	lamina pyramidalis interna (par) ; lamina V (par)	internal pyramidal layer (pair) ; layer V (pair)
242333		6137	tax	lamina multiformis (par) ; lamina VI (par)	multiform layer (pair) ; layer VI (pair)
83855		8928	tax	striae fibrarum myelinatarum isocorticis (par)	stria of myelinated fibres of isocortex (pair) ▲
77807		6138	tax	striae laminae molecularis isocorticis (par) ; laminae 1 (par) ; laminae tangentiales (par)	striae of molecular layer of isocortex (pair) ; layers 1 (pair) ; tangential layers (pair)
		8929	tax	sublamina superficialis (par) ; sublamina 1a (par)	superficial sublayer (pair) ; sublayer 1a (pair)
		8982	tax	sublamina intermedia (par) ; sublamina 1b (par)	intermediate sublayer (pair) ; sublayer 1b (pair)
		9021	tax	sublamina profunda (par) ; sublamina 1c (par)	deep sublayer (pair) ; sublayer 1c (pair)
77806		6139	tax	striae laminae granularis externae isocorticis (par) ; laminae 2 (par)	striae of external granular layer of isocortex (pair) ; layers 2 (pair)
		9022	tax	sublamina dysfibrosa (par) ; sublamina 2 (par)	dysfibrous sublayer (pair) ; sublayer 2 (pair)
77808		6140	tax	striae laminae granularis internae isocorticis (par) ; laminae 3 (par)	striae of internal granular layer of isocortex (pair) ; layers 3 (pair)
		9084	tax	sublamina superficialis (par) ; sublamina 3a (par)	superficial sublayer (pair) ; sublayer 3a (pair)
		9085	tax	sublamina intermedia (par) ; sublamina 3b (par)	intermediate sublayer (pair) ; sublayer 3b (pair)
		9086	tax	sublamina profunda (par) ; sublamina 3c (par)	deep sublayer (pair) ; sublayer 3c (pair)
		9087	tax	striae laminae pyramidalis externae isocorticis (par) ; laminae 4 (par)	striae of external pyramidal layer of isocortex (pair) ; layers 4 (pair)
77809		18310	tax	striae laminae infrastriatae (par) ; laminae 5 (par)	striae of infrastriatal layer (pair) ; layers 5 (pair)
		9101	tax	lamina infrastriata (par) ; sublamina 5a (par)	infrastriate sublayer (pair); sublayer 5a (pair)
		6142	tax	sublamina pyramidalis interna (par) ; sublamina 5b (par)	internal pyramidal sublayer (pair) ; sublayer 5b (pair)
		18309	tax	striae laminae substriatae limitantis (par) ; laminae 6 (par)	striae of limiting substriatal layer (pair) ; layers 6 (pair)
		9109	tax	sublamina substriata (par) ; sublamina 6a (par)	substriate sublayer (pair); sublayer 6a (pair)
		9110	tax	sublamina limitans (par) ; sublamina 6b (par)	limiting sublayer (pair) ; sublayer 6b (pair)
		9114	tax	stria verticalis (par)	vertical stria (pair)
		9116	tax	columna corticalis isocorticis (par)	cortical column of isocortex (pair)
		9119	tax	cortex visualis primarius (par) ; area striata (par)	primary visual cortex (pair) ; striate area (pair)
75667		6141	tax	stria occipitalis (par)	occipital stripe (pair)
		9126	tax	columna dominantiae ocularis (par)	ocular dominance column (pair)
		9127	tax	columna orientationis (par)	orientation column (pair)
		9132	tax	hypercolumna (par)	hypercolumn (pair)
		9135↓	tax	neura isocorticis (par)	neurons of isocortex (pair)
		9139	tax	neura projectionis isocorticis (par) ; neura pyramidalia isocorticis (par)	projection neurons of isocortex (pair); pyramidal neurons of isocortex (pair)
		8814	tax	neura pyramidalia magna isocorticis (par)	large pyramidal neurons of isocortex (pair) ; large pyramidal cells of isocortex (pair)
		8815	tax	neura pyramidalia gigantea isocorticis (par)	giant pyramidal neurons of isocortex (pair) ; giant pyramidal cells of isocortex (pair)
		9143	tax	neura commissuralia isocorticis (par)	commissural neurons of isocortex (pair)
		8816	tax	neura pyramidalia media isocorticis (par)	middle pyramidal neurons of isocortex (pair) ; medium-sized pyramidal cells of isocortex (pair)
		9155	tax	neura associationis isocorticis (par)	association neurons of isocortex (pair)
		8817	tax	neura pyramidalia parva isocorticis (par)	small pyramidal neurons of isocortex (pair) ; small pyramidal cells of isocortex (pair)
		9170	tax	interneura isocorticis (par)	interneurons of isocortex (pair)
		8818	tax	interneura excitatoria isocorticis (par) ; interneura spinosa isocorticis (par)	excitatory interneurons of isocortex (pair) ; spinous interneurons of isocortex (pair)
		8819	tax	neura stellata spinosa isocorticis (par)	spinous stellate neurons of isocortex (pair) ; spiny stellate cells of isocortex (pair)
		8820↓	tax	interneura inhibitoria isocorticis (par) ; interneura levia isocorticis (par)	inhibitory interneurons of isocortex (pair) ; smooth interneurons of isocortex (pair)
		8821	tax	neura axodendritica isocorticis (par)	axodendritic neurons of isocortex (pair) ; axodendritic cells of isocortex (pair)
		8822	tax	neura bipolaria isocorticis (par)	bipolar neurons of isocortex (pair) ; bipolar cells of isocortex (pair)
		8823	tax	neura horizontalia isocorticis (par)	horizontal neurons of isocortex (pair) ; horizontal cells of isocortex (pair)
		8824	tax	neura multiplumosa isocorticis (par)	multitufted neurons of isocortex (pair) ; multititufted cells of isocortex (pair)
		8825	tax	neura neurogliaformia isocorticis (par) ; neura araneiformia isocorticis (par)	neurogliaform neurons of isocortex (pair) ; spiderweb cells of isocortex (pair); neurogliaform cells of isocortex (pair)
		8828	tax	neura racemiformia biracemiformia isocorticis (par) ; neura biplumosa isocorticis (par)	double dendritic bouquet neurons of isocortex (pair); bitufted neurons of isocortex (pair) ; double dendritic bouquet cells of isocortex (pair)
		8829	tax	neura axosomatodendritica isocorticis (par)	axosomatodendritic neurons of isocortex (pair) ; axosomatodendritic cells of isocortex (pair)
		8831	tax	neura corbiformia magna isocorticis (par)	large basket neurons of isocortex (pair); large basket cells of isocortex (pair)
		8832	tax	neura corbiformia parva isocorticis (par)	small basket neurons of isocortex (pair); small basket cells of isocortex (pair)
		8833	tax	neura axoaxonica isocorticis (par)	axoaxonal neurons of isocortex (pair) ; axoaxonal cells of isocortex (pair)
		8834	tax	neura candelaria isocorticis (par)	candeliform neurons of isocortex (pair) ; chandelier cells of isocortex (pair)
		9180↓	tax	complexus claustroinsularis (par) P4 29 children	claustroinsular complex (pair)
67440		6187↓	tax	claustrum (par)	claustrum (pair)
		9186	tax	claustrum dorsale (par) ; claustrum insulare (par)	dorsal claustrum (pair) ; insular claustrum (pair)
		9187	tax	claustrum ventrale (par) ; nucleus endopiriformis (par)	ventral claustrum (pair) ; endopiriform nucleus (pair)
		9188↓	tax	cortex insularis (par)	insular cortex (pair)
		9189	tax	cortex insularis agranularis (par)	agranular insular cortex (pair)
		9206	tax	neura projectionis corticis insularis (par)	projection neurons of insular cortex (pair)
		9222	tax	neura bipolaria magna corticis insularis (par)	large bipolar neurons of insular cortex (pair) ; spindle cells of insular cortex (pair); large bipolar cells of insular cortex (pair)
		9223↓	tax	cortex insularis dysgranularis (par)	dysgranular insular cortex (pair)
		9227↓	tax	cortex insularis granularis (par)	granular insular cortex (pair)
83687		6128↓	tax	allocortex (par)	allocortex (pair)
62430		6126↓	tax	paleocortex (par) P4 122 children	paleocortex (pair)
		9183	tax	strata bulbi olfactorii (par)	layers of olfactory bulb (pair)
		9228	tax	stratum neurofibrosum (par)	olfactory nerve layer (pair)
		9229	tax	stratum glomerulosum (par)	glomerular layer (pair)
		9230	tax	glomerulus olfactorius (par)	olfactory glomerulus (pair)
		9231	tax	stratum plexiforme externum (par)	external plexiform layer (pair)
		9232	tax	stratum mitrale (par)	mitral cell layer (pair)
		9233	tax	stratum plexiforme internum (par)	internal plexiform layer (pair)
		9234	tax	stratum granulare (par)	granular layer (pair)
		9237	tax	neura bulbi olfactorii (par)	neurons of olfactory bulb (pair)
		9332	tax	neura projectionis bulbi olfactorii (par) ; neura principalia bulbi olfactorii (par)	projection neurons of olfactory bulb (pair); principal neurons of olfactory bulb (pair)
		9333	tax	neura mitralia bulbi olfactorii (par)	mitral neurons of olfactory bulb (pair) ; mitral cells of olfactory bulb (pair)
		9334	tax	neura plumosa bulbi olfactorii (par)	tufted neurons of olfactory bulb (pair) ; tufted cells of olfactory bulb (pair)
		9335	tax	neura plumosa externa bulbi olfactorii (par)	external tufted neurons of olfactory bulb (pair) ; external tufted cells of olfactory bulb (pair)
		9364	tax	neura plumosa media bulbi olfactorii (par)	middle tufted neurons of olfactory bulb (pair) ; middle tufted cells of olfactory bulb (pair)
		9365	tax	neura plumosa interna bulbi olfactorii (par)	internal tufted neurons of olfactory bulb (pair) ; internal tufted cells of olfactory bulb (pair)
		9366	tax	interneura bulbi olfactorii (par)	interneurons of olfactory bulb (pair)
		9367	tax	interneura excitatoria bulbi olfactorii (par)	excitatory interneurons of olfactory bulb (pair)
		9368↓	tax	neura juxtaglomerulosa bulbi olfactorii (par)	juxtaglomerular neurons of olfactory bulb (pair) ; juxtaglomerular cells of olfactory bulb (pair); short-axon cells (pair)
		9379	tax	interneura inhibitoria bulbi olfactorii (par)	inhibitory interneurons of olfactory bulb (pair)
		9380	tax	neura granularia superficialia bulbi olfactorii (par)	superficial granule neurons of olfactory bulb (pair); superficial granule cells of olfactory bulb (pair)
		9383	tax	neura granularia intermedia bulbi olfactorii (par)	intermediate granule neurons of olfactory bulb (pair); intermediate granule cells of olfactory bulb (pair)
		9384	tax	neura granularia profunda bulbi olfactorii (par)	deep granule neurons of olfactory bulb (pair); deep granule cells of olfactory bulb (pair)
		9387	tax	neura periglomerulosa bulbi olfactorii (par)	periglomerular neurons of olfactory bulb (pair) ; periglomerular cells of olfactory bulb (pair)
		6306	tax	cellulae dopaminergicae bulbi olfactorii (par)	dopaminergic cells of olfactory bulb (pair) ; dopaminergic cell A16s (pair)
		6182↓	tax	strata regionis retrobulbaris (par)	layers of retrobulbar region (pair)
		9238	tax	stratum moleculare (par)	molecular layer (pair)
		9239	tax	stratum densocellulare (par)	dense cell layer (pair)
		9240	tax	stratum multiforme (par)	multiform layer (pair)
		9242	tax	strata corticis piriformis structurae olfactoriae (par)	layers of piriform cortex of olfactory structure (pair)
		9245	tax	stratum moleculare (par)	molecular layer (pair)
		9246	tax	stratum densocellulare (par)	dense cell layer (pair)
		9247	tax	stratum multiforme (par)	multiform layer (pair)
		9243	tax	strata regionis periamygdaloideae (par)	layers of periamygdaloid region (pair)
		9248	tax	stratum moleculare (par)	molecular layer (pair)
		9250	tax	stratum densocellulare (par)	dense cell layer (pair)
		9244	tax	strata regionis peripaleocorticalis claustralis (par)	layers of claustral peripaleocortical region (pair)
		9251	tax	stratum moleculare (par)	molecular layer (pair)
		9252	tax	stratum densocellulare (par)	dense cell layer (pair)
		9253	tax	stratum dissecans (par)	dissecting layer (pair)
		9272	tax	stratum multiforme (par)	multiform layer (pair)
62424		6125↓	tax	archicortex (par) P4 121 children	archicortex (pair)
74041		9295	tax	regiones hippocampi (par)	hippocampal fields (pair)
74042		6151	tax	cornu ammonis 1 (par)	CA1 field (pair)
72044		6152	tax	cornu ammonis 2 (par)	CA2 field (pair)
72045		6153	tax	cornu ammonis 3 (par)	CA3 field (pair)
75741		6154	tax	cornu ammonis ammonis (par)	CA3h field (pair)
83679		6157	tax	strata hippocampi (par) ; strata cornus ammonis (par)	layers of hippocampus (pair) ; layer of Ammon's horns (pair)
83149		6158	tax	stratum lacunomoleculare (par)	lacunomolecular layer (pair)
83894		6161	tax	stratum radiatum (par)	radiate layer (pair)
83895		6160	tax	stratum pyramidale (par)	pyramidal layer (pair)
83893		6159	tax	stratum oriens (par)	oriens layer (pair)
		9023	tax	neura hippocampi (par)	neurons of hippocampus (pair)
		9298	tax	neura projectionis hippocampi (par)	projection neurons of hippocampus (pair); principal neurons of hippocampus (pair)
		9299	tax	neura pyramidalia hippocampi (par)	pyramidal neurons of hippocampus (pair) ; pyramidal cells of hippocampus (pair)
		9305↓	tax	interneura hippocampi (par)	interneurons of hippocampus (pair)
		9307	tax	interneura inhibitoria hippocampi (par)	inhibitory interneurons of hippocampus (pair)
		9312	tax	neura corbiformia hippocampi (par)	basket neurons of hippocampus (pair); basket cells of hippocampus (pair)
		9326	tax	neura bistratificata hippocampi (par)	bistratified neurons of hippocampus (pair) ; bistratified cells of hippocampus (pair)
		9328	tax	neura candelaria hippocampi (par)	candeliform neurons of hippocampus (pair) ; chandelier cells of hippocampus (pair); axoaxonic neurons of hippocampus (pair)
275167		8764	tax	substantia alba hippocampi (par)	white matter of hippocampus (pair) ; white substance of hippocampus (pair)
		13172		tractus commissurales hippocampi	commissural tracts of hippocampus
61970		6286↓		commissura hippocampi ; psalterium	hippocampal commissure; psalterium
		9331		tractus descendentes hippocampi ; tractus descendentes originis hippocampi	descending tracts of hippocampus ; descending tract of origin in hippocampi
61965		6091		fornix	fornix
		8538		tractus proprii hippocampi ; tractus intrinsici hippocampi	proper tracts of hippocampus ; intrinsic tracts of hippocampus
		9396		neuroneurofibrae muscosae hippocampi	mossy fibres of hippocampus ▲
		9397		collaterales axonales hippocampi proprii	axonal collaterals of proper hippocampus
		8539↓		via endofolialis	endfolial pathway
		9398		collaterales axonales hilares hippocampi proprii	hilar axonal collaterals of proper hippocampus
83867		6156		alveus hippocampi	alveus
83866		6075		fimbria hippocampi	fimbria
83678		6163	tax	strata gyri dentati (par)	layers of dentate gyrus (pair)
83677		6164	tax	stratum moleculare gyri dentati (par)	molecular layer of dentate gyrus (pair)
83146		6165	tax	stratum granulare gyri dentati (par)	granular layer of dentate gyrus (pair)
72358		6166	tax	stratum multiforme gyri dentati (par)	multiform layer of dentate gyrus (pair)
		9399	tax	neura gyri dentati (par)	neurons of dentate gyrus (pair)
		9400	tax	neura projectionis gyri dentati (par) ; neura principalia gyri dentati (par)	projection neurons of dentate gyrus (pair); principal neurons of dentate gyrus (pair)
		9401	tax	neura granularia gyri dentati (par)	granule neurons of dentate gyrus (pair); granule cells of dentate gyrus (pair)
		9402	tax	interneura gyri dentati (par)	interneurons of dentate gyrus (pair)
		9403	tax	interneura excitatoria gyri dentati (par)	excitatory interneurons of dentate gyrus (pair)
		9404	tax	neura muscosa gyri dentati (par) ; neura stellata gyri dentati (par)	mossy neurons of dentate gyrus (pair) ; stellate neurons of dentate gyrus (pair) ; mossy cells of dentate gyrus (pair); stellate cells of dentate gyrus (pair)
		9405	tax	interneura inhibitoria gyri dentati (par)	inhibitory interneurons of dentate gyrus (pair)
		9406	tax	neura corbiformia pyramidalia gyri dentati (par)	pyramidal basket neurons of dentate gyrus (pair); pyramidal basket cells of dentate gyrus (pair)
		9407	tax	neura candelaria gyri dentati (par) ; neura axoaxonica gyri dentati (par)	candeliform neurons of dentate gyrus (pair) ; axoaxonal neurons of dentate gyrus (pair) ; chandelier cells of dentate gyrus (pair); axoaxonic cells of dentate gyrus (pair)
277886		11908	tax	strata subiculi (par)	layers of subiculum (pair)
277888		8760	tax	stratum moleculare subiculi (par)	molecular layer of subiculum (pair)
277890		8761	tax	stratum pyramidale subiculi (par)	pyramidal layer of subiculum (pair)
		8763	tax	stratum multiforme subiculi (par)	multiform layer of subiculum (pair)
84039		6129↓	tax	mesiocortex (par) P4 101 children	mesiocortex (pair)
		8920	tax	proisocortex (par)	proisocortex (pair)
		8921	tax	periallocortex (par)	periallocortex (pair)
		8922	tax	peripaleocortex (par)	peripaleocortex (pair)
		8924	tax	periarchicortex (par)	periarchicortex (pair)
		12168↓	tax	strata presubiculi (par)	layers of presubiculum (pair)
		9411	tax	stratum moleculare presubiculi (par)	molecular layer of presubiculum (pair)
		9412	tax	stratum principale externum presubiculi (par)	external principal layer of presubiculum (pair)
		9413	tax	stratum principale internum presubiculi (par)	internal principal layer of presubiculum (pair)
		12169	tax	strata parasubiculi (par)	layers of parasubiculum (pair)
		9415	tax	stratum moleculare parasubiculi (par)	molecular layer of parasubiculum (pair)
		9416	tax	stratum cellulare parasubiculi (par)	cellular layer of parasubiculum (pair)
		9417↓	tax	strata corticis entorhinalis (par)	layers of entorhinal cortex (pair)
		9418	tax	stratum moleculare corticis entorhinalis (par) ; lamina 1 corticis entorhinalis (par)	molecular layer of entorhinal cortex (pair) ; layer 1 of entorhinal cortex (pair)
		9421	tax	stratum principale externum corticis entorhinalis (par)	external principal layer of entorhinal cortex (pair)
		9422	tax	stratum stellare corticis entorhinalis (par) ; lamina 2 corticis entorhinalis (par)	cell island layer of entorhinal cortex (pair); layer 2 of entorhinal cortex (pair)
		9425	tax	stratum pyramidale corticis entorhinalis (par) ; lamina 3 corticis entorhinalis (par)	pyramidal layer of entorhinal cortex (pair) ; layer 3 of entorhinal cortex (pair)
		9427	tax	lamina dissecans corticis entorhinalis (par) ; lamina 4 corticis entorhinalis (par)	dissecting layer of entorhinal cortex (pair) ; layer 4 of entorhinal cortex (pair)
		9428	tax	stratum principale internum corticis entorhinalis (par) ; lamina 5 corticis entorhinalis (par)	internal principal layer of entorhinal cortex (pair) ; layer 5 of entorhinal cortex (pair)
		9429	tax	stratum magnocellulare corticis entorhinalis (par) ; sublamina 5a corticis entorhinalis (par)	magnocellular layer of entorhinal cortex (pair) ; sublayer 5a of entorhinal cortex (pair)
		9430	tax	stratum parvocellulare corticis entorhinalis (par) ; sublamina 5b corticis entorhinalis (par)	parvocellular layer of entorhinal cortex (pair) ; sublayer 5b of entorhinal cortex (pair)
		9431	tax	stratum 5c corticis entorhinalis (par) ; sublamina 5c corticis entorhinalis (par)	layer 5c of entorhinal cortex (pair) ; sublayer 5c of entorhinal cortex (pair)
		8766	tax	strata corticis perirhinalis (par)	layers of perirhinal cortex (pair)
		8767	tax	stratum moleculare corticis perirhinalis (par) ; lamina 1 corticis perirhinalis (par)	molecular layer of perirhinal cortex (pair) ; layer 1 of perirhinal cortex (pair)
		8768↓	tax	stratum stellare corticis perirhinalis (par) ; lamina 2 corticis perirhinalis (par)	cell island layer of perirhinal cortex (pair); layer 2 of perirhinal cortex (pair)
		8769	tax	stratum pyramidale externum corticis perirhinalis (par) ; lamina 3 corticis perirhinalis (par)	external pyramidal layer of perirhinal cortex (pair) ; layer 3 of perirhinal cortex (pair)
		8770	tax	lamina dissecans corticis perirhinalis (par) ; lamina 4 corticis perirhinalis (par)	dissecting layer of perirhinal cortex (pair) ; layer 4 of perirhinal cortex (pair)
		8771	tax	stratum pyramidale internum corticis perirhinalis (par) ; lamina 5 corticis perirhinalis (par)	internal pyramidal layer of perirhinal cortex (pair) ; layer 5 of perirhinal cortex (pair)
		8772	tax	stratum multiforme corticis perirhinalis (par) ; lamina 6 corticis perirhinalis (par)	multiform layer of perirhinal cortex (pair) ; layer 6 of perirhinal cortex (pair)
		9454↓	tax	cortex cingularis (par)	cingulate cortex (pair)
		9433↓	tax	cortex retrosplenialis (par)	retrosplenial cortex (pair)
		9434	tax	cortex ectosplenialis (par)	ectosplenial cortex (pair)
		9443	tax	cortex retrosplenialis granularis (par)	granular retrosplenial cortex (pair)
		9453	tax	cortex retrosplenialis dysgranularis (par)	dysgranular retrosplenial cortex (pair)
241998		9449	tax	substantia alba hemispherii cerebri (par) P4 117 children	white matter of cerebral hemisphere (pair) ; white substance of cerebral hemisphere (pair)
		9459↓		centrum semiovale (par)	semioval centre (pair)
61960		6267↓	tax	capsula extrema	extreme capsule
62076		9508↓	tax	pedunculus temporalis	temporal peduncle
77636		6275		fasciculus uncinatus cerebri	uncinate fasciculus of brain
77633		6276		fasciculus occipitofrontalis inferior	inferior occipitofrontal fasciculus
61950		6239	tax	capsula interna (par)	internal capsule (pair)
61952		6241	tax	crus anterius (par)	anterior limb (pair)
76976		5877		radiatio thalamica anterior ; radiatio anterior thalami	anterior thalamic radiation
75223		6243		tractus frontopontinus	frontopontine tract
61953		6244	tax	genu capsulae internae (par)	knee of internal capsule (pair)
75222		6245	tax	ERR1	ERR1 ▲
61954		6246	tax	crus posterius capsulae internae (par)	posterior limb of internal capsule (pair)
76978		5878		radiatio thalamica centralis ; radiatio centralis thalami	central thalamic radiation
		8528	tax	tractus corticoreticularis	corticoreticular tract
		9196	tax	tractus corticoruber	corticored tract ▲
265586		8527	tax	tractus corticospinalis	corticospinal tract
327039		8525	tax	fibrae corticothalamicae	corticothalamic fibres ▲
		8535	tax	fibrae parietopontinae	parietopontine fibres ▲
		7574		fibrae thalamoparietales	thalamoparietal fibres ▲
61957		6254↓	tax	pars retrolentiformis capsulae internae (par) ; crus retrolentiforme capsulae internae (par)	retrolentiform limb of internal capsule (pair); retrolenticular limb of internal capsule (pair)
		8534	tax	fibrae occipitopontinae	occipitopontine fibres ▲
		6256		fibrae occipitotectae	occipitohidden fibres ▲
61941		5884		radiatio optica	optic radiation ▲
		12178		fibrae geniculocalcarinae	geniculocalcarine fibres ▲
76982		5886		radiatio thalamica posterior ; radiatio posterior thalami	posterior thalamic radiation
61958		6259↓	tax	pars sublentiformis (par)	sublentiform limb (pair); sublenticular limb (pair)
		8500		radiatio acustica	acoustic radiation
		12176		fibrae geniculotemporales	geniculotemporal fibres ▲
72419		6261	tax	fibrae corticotectae	corticohidden fibres ▲
61941		5884		radiatio optica	optic radiation ▲
		12178		fibrae geniculocalcarinae	geniculocalcarine fibres ▲
		8536	tax	fibrae temporopontinae	temporopontine fibres ▲
327039		8525	tax	fibrae corticothalamicae	corticothalamic fibres ▲
260714		7616	tax	tractus associationis originis telencephali ; tractus associationis cerebri	association tracts of telencephalon; association tracts of brain
260717		6274↓	tax	fibrae associationis breves ; fibrae U-figuratae	short fibres of association ; U-fibres ▲
77630		6273↓	tax	fibrae longae associationis	long association fibres ▲
		14223		systema longitudinale superius	superior longitudinal system
77631		6272↓		fasciculus longitudinalis superior	superior longitudinal fasciculus
		9484		fasciculus longitudinalis superior I	superior longitudinal fasciculus I
		9485		fasciculus longitudinalis superior II	superior longitudinal fasciculus II
		9486		fasciculus longitudinalis superior III	superior longitudinal fasciculus III
		11829		fasciculus frontooccipitalis	frontooccipital fasciculus
77634		6277		fasciculus occipitofrontalis superior	superior occipitofrontal fasciculus
276650		6269↓		fasciculus arcuatus	arcuate fasciculus
		14203		systema longitudinale inferius	inferior longitudinal system
		14221		fasciculus frontooccipitalis inferior	inferior frontooccipital fasciculus
77636		6275		fasciculus uncinatus cerebri	uncinate fasciculus of brain
77633		6276		fasciculus occipitofrontalis inferior	inferior occipitofrontal fasciculus
		14215		systema longitudinale medium	middle longitudinal system
		14222		fasciculus longitudinalis medius	middle longitudinal fasciculus
		14216		systema longitudinale basale	basal longitudinal system
77632		6271		fasciculus longitudinalis inferior	inferior longitudinal fasciculus
		14217		systema longitudinale mesiale	mesial longitudinal system
260761		6270		cingulum	girdle
		14218		systema transversum anterius	anterior transverse system
		9510↓		fasciculus frontalis obliquus	oblique frontal fasciculus ; frontal aslant tract
		14219		systema transversum posterius	posterior transverse system
83457		11830		fasciculus temporoparietalis verticalis	vertical temporoparietal fasciculus ; temporoparietal aslant tract
		14220		fibrae associationis lobares	lobar fibres of association ▲
		9511		fasciculus frontalis orbitopolaris	orbitopolar frontal fasciculus
		9512		fasciculus frontomarginalis	frontomarginal fasciculus
		6278↓		fasciculi occipitales verticales	vertical occipital fasciculi
		6279		fibrae laterales	lateral fibres ▲
		6280		fibrae caudales	caudal fibres ▲
		6281		fasciculi occipitales horizontales	horizontal occipital fasciculi
		6282	tax	fibrae cuneatae	cuneate fibres ▲
		6283	tax	fibrae lingulares	lingular fibres ▲
		8522	tax	tractus commissurales originis telencephali ; tractus commissurales cerebri	commissural tracts of telencephalon; commissural tracts of brain
		6285		fibrae corporis callosi	fibres of corpus callosum ▲
77693		6085	tax	radiatio corporis callosi	radiation of corpus callosum
61944		6086		forceps minor ; forceps frontalis	lesser forceps ; frontal forceps
61949		6087		forceps major ; forceps occipitalis	major forceps; occipital forceps
77208		6088		tapetum	tapetum
61970		6286↓		commissura hippocampi ; psalterium	hippocampal commissure; psalterium
61961		5799	tax	commissura anterior	anterior commissure
61963		6089	tax	pars anterior commissurae anterioris	anterior part of anterior commissure
61964		6090	tax	pars posterior commissurae anterioris	posterior part of anterior commissure
61959		6266	tax	capsula externa (par)	external capsule (pair)
		8524	tax	tractus descendentes originis cerebri	descending tracts of origin in telencephalon
77637		9509↓		fasciculus subcallosus	subcallosal bundle
84379		6193		fasciculus peduncularis descendens	descending peduncular fasciculus
		13173		fasciculus angularis	angular bundle
		9395		tractus perforans	perforating tract
		9544	tax	fibrae corticostriatales	corticostriatal fibres ▲
327039		8525	tax	fibrae corticothalamicae	corticothalamic fibres ▲
		6256		fibrae occipitotectae	occipitohidden fibres ▲
72634		8526	tax	tractus pyramidalis	pyramidal tract
		9196	tax	tractus corticoruber	corticored tract ▲
		8528	tax	tractus corticoreticularis	corticoreticular tract
		12525		tractus corticonuclearis	corticonuclear tract ▲
265586		8527	tax	tractus corticospinalis	corticospinal tract
224856		12543		tractus corticopontini	corticopontine tracts
		8532	tax	fibrae frontopontinae	frontopontine fibres ▲
		8535	tax	fibrae parietopontinae	parietopontine fibres ▲
		8536	tax	fibrae temporopontinae	temporopontine fibres ▲
		8534	tax	fibrae occipitopontinae	occipitopontine fibres ▲
18661		6265	tax	corona radiata (par)	corona radiata (pair)
61841		6168↓	tax	corpus amygdaloideum (par) ; complexus amygdaloideus (par) ; amygdala (par) P4 75 children	amygdaloid body (pair) ; amygdaloid complex (pair); amygdala (pair)
68855		9547	tax	nuclei basolaterales (par)	basolateral nuclei (pair)
68855		6173	tax	nucleus basalis lateralis amygdalae (par)	basolateral amygdaloid nucleus (pair)
68858		6174	tax	nucleus basalis medialis amygdalae (par)	basomedial amygdaloid nucleus (pair)
77606		6169	tax	area transitionis amygdaloclaustralis (par)	amygdaloclaustral transition area (pair)
61866		6178	tax	nucleus lateralis amygdalae (par)	lateral amygdaloid nucleus (pair)
		9579	tax	nuclei centromediales (par)	centromedial nuclei (pair)
74047		6175	tax	nucleus centralis amygdalae (par)	central amygdaloid nucleus (pair)
74046		6179	tax	nucleus medialis amygdalae (par)	medial amygdaloid nucleus (pair)
		9580	tax	nuclei intercalati amygdalae (par)	intercalated amygdaloid nuclei (pair)
		9581	tax	area transitionis amygdalostriatalis (par)	amygdalostriatal transition area (pair)
		9582	tax	amygdala extenta (par)	extended amygdala (pair)
77609		6186	tax	pars sublenticularis amygdalae (par)	sublenticular extended amygdala (pair)
77699		6177	tax	nucleus interstitialis amygdalae (par) ; nucleus interstitialis partis posterioris commissurae anterioris (par)	interstitial amygdaloid nucleus (pair); interstitial nucleus of posterior part of anterior commissure (pair)
84608		9583↓	tax	amygdala olfactoria (par)	olfactory amygdala (pair)
61861		6172	tax	area amygdaloidea anterior (par)	anterior amygdaloid area (pair)
		9846	tax	nucleus corticalis anterior amygdalae (par)	anterior cortical nucleus of amygdala (pair)
		9847	tax	nucleus corticalis posterior amygdalae (par)	posterior cortical nucleus of amygdala (pair)
		9848	tax	nucleus corticalis ventralis amygdalae (par)	ventral cortical nucleus of amygdala (pair)
61865		6180	tax	nucleus tractus olfactorii lateralis (par)	nucleus of lateral olfactory stria (pair)
77607		6170	tax	area transitionis amygdalohippocampalis (par)	amygdalohippocampal transition area (pair)
77608		6171	tax	area transitionis amygdalopiriformis (par)	amygdalopiriform transition area (pair)
62485		6181	tax	cortex periamygdaloideus (par)	periamygdaloid cortex (pair) ; parahippocampal amygdaloid transition area (pair)
		8786	tax	substantia alba corporis amygdaloidei (par)	white matter of amygdaloid body (pair)
327039		8525	tax	fibrae corticothalamicae	corticothalamic fibres ▲
61974		6111		stria terminalis	stria terminalis
		8544		fasciculus amygdalofugiens ventralis	ventral amygdalofugal bundle
		8126		fibrae amygdalotegmentales	amygdalotegmental fibres ▲
77616		6230↓	tax	subpallium (par) P4 12 children	subpallium (pair)
77618		6231	tax	striatum (par)	striatum (pair)
83684		6233	tax	pallidum (par)	pallidum (pair)
61973		6188	tax	stria diagonalis	diagonal band
62313		5785	tax	area preoptica (par)	preoptic area (pair)
61887		6216	tax	nuclei basales (par) ; corpora striata (par) P4 162 children	basal nuclei (pair)
61833		6217	tax	nucleus caudatus (par)	caudate nucleus (pair)
61852		6218	tax	caput nuclei caudati (par)	head of caudate nucleus (pair)
61853		6219	tax	corpus nuclei caudati (par)	body of caudate nucleus (pair)
61854		6220	tax	cauda nuclei caudati (par)	tail of caudate nucleus (pair)
77615		6221	tax	nucleus lentiformis (par) ; nucleus lenticularis (par)	lentiform nucleus (pair) ; lenticular nucleus (pair)
61834		6222	tax	putamen (par)	putamen (pair)
62469		6223	tax	lamina medullaris lateralis ; lamina medullaris externa	lateral medullary layer ; external medullary layer
61839		6224	tax	globus pallidus lateralis (par); globus pallidalis externus (par)	lateral segment of globus pallidus (pair); external segment of globus pallidus (pair)
62470		6225	tax	lamina medullaris medialis ; lamina medullaris interna	medial medullary layer ; internal medullary layer
61840		6226	tax	globus pallidus medialis (par); globus pallidalis internus (par)	medial segment of globus pallidus (pair); internal segment of globus pallidus (pair)
		6227	tax	pars lateralis (par)	lateral part (pair)
62471		6228	tax	lamina medullaris accessoria (par)	accessory medullary layer (pair)
		6229	tax	pars medialis (par)	medial part (pair)
		9839	tax	substantia grisea striati (par)	grey matter of striatum (pair) ▲
77620		6232	tax	striatum dorsale (par)	dorsal striatum (pair)
		9840↓	tax	substantia grisea nuclei caudati (par)	grey matter of caudate nucleus (pair) ▲
		9841	tax	striosoma (par)	striosome (pair)
		9842	tax	matrix striatalis (par)	striatal matrix (pair)
		6240	tax	pontes grisei caudatolenticulares (par) ; pontes grisei transcapsulares (par)	caudatolenticular grey bridges (pair) ; transcapsular grey bridges (pair) ▲
77614		6205	tax	striatum ventrale (par)	ventral striatum (pair)
		9844↓		fundus striati (par)	fundus of striatum (pair)
61889		6206	tax	nucleus accumbens (par)	nucleus accumbens (pair)
77385		6207	tax	pars centralis (par)	central part (pair) ; core region (pair)
77386		6208	tax	pars medialis (par)	medial part (pair) ; shell region (pair)
61891		6199	tax	tuberculum olfactorium (par)	olfactory tubercle (pair)
61888		6194	tax	insulae olfactoriae (par) ; insulae terminales (par)	olfactory islets (pair) ; terminal islets (pair) ; olfactory islands (pair); terminal islands (pair)
		9852↓	tax	neura striati (par)	neurons of striatum (pair)
		9853	tax	neura projectionis striati (par) ; neura principalia striati (par)	projection neurons of striatum (pair); principal neurons of striatum (pair)
		8791	tax	neura spinosa magnitudinis mediae striati (par)	middle spinous neurons of striatum (pair) ; medium-sized spiny cells of striatum (pair)
		8792	tax	interneura striati (par)	interneurons of striatum (pair)
		8794	tax	interneura excitatoria striati (par)	excitatory interneurons of striatum (pair)
		8795	tax	interneura cholinergica striati (par)	cholinergic interneurons of striatum (pair) ; aspiny type II cholinergic interneurons (pair)
		8797↓	tax	interneura inhibitoria striati (par)	inhibitory interneurons of striatum (pair)
		8799	tax	interneura GABAergica striati (par)	GABAergic interneurons of striatum (pair) ; aspiny type I GABAergic interneurons (pair)
		9845	tax	substantia grisea pallidi (par)	grey matter of pallidum (pair) ▲
77619		6234	tax	pallidum dorsale (par) ; globus pallidalis (par)	dorsal pallidum (pair) ; globus pallidus (pair)
77613		9145	tax	pallidum ventrale (par)	ventral pallidum (pair)
		8800	tax	neura globi pallidi (par)	neurons of globus pallidus (pair)
		8801	tax	neura projectionis globi pallidi (par) ; neura principalia globi pallidi (par)	projection neurons of globus pallidus (pair); principal neurons of globus pallidus (pair)
		8804	tax	neura magna globi pallidi (par)	large cells of globus pallidus (pair)
		8805	tax	substantia alba nucleorum basalium (par)	white matter of basal nuclei (pair)
		8806	tax	tractus striatales (par)	striatal tracts (pair)
61960		6267↓	tax	capsula extrema	extreme capsule
61959		6266	tax	capsula externa	external capsule
77637		9509↓		fasciculus subcallosus	subcallosal bundle
62070		5874	tax	ansa lenticularis	ansa lenticularis
61976		5875		fasciculus lenticularis	lenticular fasciculus
77525		5888		fasciculus subthalamicus	subthalamic fasciculus
62065		5890		fasciculus thalamicus	thalamic fasciculus
		8807	tax	connexus striatales (par)	striatal pathways (pair)
		8808	tax	connexus afferentes striatales (par)	striatal afferent pathways (pair)
		9544	tax	fibrae corticostriatales	corticostriatal fibres ▲
		8543		fibrae amygdalostriatales	amygdalostriatal fibres ▲
		7918		fibrae thalamostriatales	thalamostriatal fibres ▲
		8485	tax	fibrae nigrostriatales	nigrostriatal fibres ▲
		8809	tax	connexus efferentes striatales (par)	striatal efferent pathways (pair)
		8546		fibrae striatopallidales	striatopallidal fibres ▲
		8118		fibrae striatonigrales	striatonigral fibres ▲
		8810	tax	connexus pallidales (par)	pallidal pathways (pair)
		8811	tax	connexus pallidales afferentes (par)	afferent pallidal pathways (pair)
		8546		fibrae striatopallidales	striatopallidal fibres ▲
		7922		fibrae subthalamopallidales	subthalamopallidal fibres ▲
		8812	tax	connexus pallidales efferentes (par) ; fibrae pallidofugales (par)	efferent pallidal pathways (pair) ; pallidofugal fibres (pair) ▲
		8547		fibrae pallidosubthalamicae	pallidosubthalamic fibres ▲
		8548		fibrae pallidothalamicae	pallidothalamic fibres ▲
		8549		fibrae pallidohabenulares	pallidohabenular fibres ▲
		8550		fibrae pallidonigrales	pallidonigral fibres ▲
		8551		fibrae pallidotegmentales	pallidotegmental fibres ▲
77700		6167↓	tax	pars basalis telencephali proprii (par); prosencephalon basale (par) P4 97 children	basal forebrain proper (pair)
		6183	tax	substantia basalis (par)	basal substance (pair)
61887		6184	tax	nucleus basalis (par)	basal nucleus (pair)
61884		6185↓	tax	nucleus striae terminalis (par)	bed nucleus of stria terminalis (pair)
		9123	tax	divisio lateralis nuclei striae terminalis (par)	lateral subdivision of bed nucleus of stria terminalis (pair)
		9124	tax	divisio medialis nuclei striae terminalis (par)	medial subdivision of bed nucleus of stria terminalis (pair)
		9849	tax	cellulae cholinergicae substantiae basalis (par)	cholinergic cells of basal substance (pair)
		6316	tax	cellulae cholinergicae nuclei septalis medialis (par) ; cellulae cholinergicae Ch1 (par)	cholinergic cells of medial septal nucleus (pair) ; cholinergic cells Ch1 (pair)
		6317	tax	cellulae cholinergicae cruris verticalis striae diagonalis (par) ; cellulae cholinergicae Ch2 (par)	cholinergic cells of vertical limb of diagonal band (pair) ; cholinergic cells Ch2 (pair)
		6318	tax	cellulae cholinergicae cruris horizontalis striae diagonalis (par) ; cellulae cholinergicae Ch3 (par)	cholinergic cells of horizontal limb of diagonal band (pair) ; cholinergic cells Ch3 (pair)
		6319	tax	cellulae cholinergicae nuclei basalis (par) ; cellulae cholinergicae Ch4 (par)	cholinergic cells of basal nucleus (pair) ; cholinergic cells Ch4 (pair)
61884		6185↓	tax	nucleus striae terminalis	bed nucleus of stria terminalis
77609		6186	tax	pars sublenticularis amygdalae	sublenticular extended amygdala
61973		6188	tax	stria diagonalis (par)	diagonal band (pair)
77611		6189	tax	crus horizontale striae diagonalis (par)	horizontal limb of diagonal band (pair)
77612		6190	tax	crus verticale striae diagonalis (par)	vertical limb of diagonal band (pair)
61882		6191	tax	nucleus striae diagonalis (par)	nucleus of diagonal band (pair)
61885		6192	tax	substantia innominata (par)	innominate substance (pair)
		6209	tax	nuclei septales (par)	septal nuclei (pair)
61877		6210	tax	nucleus septalis dorsalis (par)	dorsal septal nucleus (pair)
61878		6211	tax	nucleus septalis lateralis (par)	lateral septal nucleus (pair)
61879		6212	tax	nucleus septalis medialis (par)	medial septal nucleus (pair)
77547		6101	tax	nucleus septalis precommissuralis (par)	precommissural septal nucleus (pair)
61881		6213	tax	nucleus septofimbriatus (par)	septofimbriated nucleus (pair)
61880		6214	tax	nucleus septalis triangularis (par)	triangular septal nucleus (pair)
		8623	tax	nuclei areae preopticae (par)	nuclei of preoptic area (pair)
62326		5915	tax	nucleus preopticus lateralis (par)	lateral preoptic nucleus (pair)
67890		5916	tax	nucleus preopticus medialis (par)	medial preoptic nucleus (pair)
62323		5917	tax	nucleus preopticus medianus (par)	median preoptic nucleus (pair)
62324		5919	tax	nucleus preopticus periventricularis (par)	periventricular preoptic nucleus (pair)
		8624↓	tax	nucleus preopticus ventrolateralis (par)	ventrolateral preoptic nucleus (pair)
		5914	tax	nuclei interstitiales (par)	interstitial (pair)
		8625	tax	nucleus dimorphus sexualis (par)	sexual dimorphic nucleus (pair)
		8626	tax	cellulae dopaminergicae areae preopticae (par) ; cellulae dopaminergicae A15 (par)	dopaminergic cells of preoptic area (pair) ; dopaminergic cells A15 (pair)
				701 lines
				71.0 %	62.2 %

Scientific notes

UID	Libelle of note
5971	Some new items have been added from ten Donkelaar HJ, Tzourio-Mazoyer N, Mai JK (2018) Toward a common terminology for the gyri and sulci of the human cerebral cortex. Front Neuroanat 12:93.
5972	The Pallium has four components of which the Pallium dorsale gives rise to the Isocortex (Neocortex), the Pallium laterale to the Claustro-insular complex, the Pallium mediale to the Formatio hippocampi, and the Pallium ventrale to the Olfactory cortex and the Pallial amygdala (see TE, Section Neuroembryology).
5992	For the Polus frontalis (Frontal pole) and its subdivision, see Petrides M, Pandya DN (2012 The frontal lobe. In: Mai JK, Paxinos G, eds: The Human Nervous System, 3rd ed. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 988-1011; Bludau S, Eickhoff SB, Mohlberg H, et al. (2014) Cytoarchitecture, probability maps and functions of the human frontal pole. Neuroimage 93:260-275.
5996	For subdivision of Broca’s area, see Amunts K, Schleicher A, Bürgel U, et al. (1999 Broca’s region revisited: Cytoarchitecture and intersubject variability. J Comp Neurol 412:319-341). The Sulcus diagonalis (of Eberstaller) is a variable branch of the Sulcus lateralis, dividing the Pars opercularis into two parts. The Sulcus radiatus (of Eberstaller) may indent the Pars triangularis from above.
6005	See note # 6006
6006	The Angular and supramarginal gyri form with the Parietal operculum the Lobulus parietalis inferior (Inferior parietal lobule or IPL). The Gyrus angularis (Angular gyrus; BA39) can be further subdivided (see Caspers S, Amunts K, Zilles K 2012 Posterior parietal cortex. In: Mai JK, Paxinos G, eds: The Human Nervous System, 3rd ed. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 1036-1035). The Operculum parietale (Parietal operculum) contains four cytoarchitectonic, functionally defined areas OP1-4 (see Eickhoff S, Schleicher A, Zilles K, Amunts K 2006a The human parietal operculum. I. Cytoarchitectonic mapping of subdivisions. Cereb Cortex 16:254-267; Eickhoff S, Amunts K, Mohlberg H, Zilles K 2006b Stereotaxic maps and correlation with functional imaginig results. Cereb Cortex 16:268-279). The Gyrus supramarginalis (Supramarginal gyrus; BA40) can be further subdivided (see Caspers et al. 2012).
6007	See note # 6006
6008	In monkeys, the Intraparietal sulcus contains numerous intraparietal areas (AIP, LIP, MIP, PIP and VIP), area PEip and area V6A (Rizzolatti G, Luppino G, Matelli M 1998 The organization of the cortical motor system: New concepts. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 106:283-296). In the human brain, at least AIP and VIP areas have been identified (Seitz RJ, Binkofski F 2003 Modular organization of parietal lobe functions as revealed by functional activation studies. Adv Neurol 93:281-292).
6011	The Lobulus parietalis superior (Superior parietal lobule or SPL) can be divided into a Preparietal area (BA5 with subdivisions) and a Superior parietal area (BA7 with subdivisions; see Scheperjans F, Eickhoff SB, Mohlberg H, et al. 2008 Probabilistic maps, cytoarchitectonic morphometry, and variability of areas in human superior parietal cortex. Cereb Cortex 18:2141-2157).
6012	See note # 6006
6019	The Gyrus temporalis superior (Superior temporal gyrus; BA22) is not a homogeneous cortical area; it contains various cytoarchitectonically and functionally distinct cortical areas. Its Pars anterior (Anterior part or Belt area) forms the Secondary auditory cortex (BA42 or A2; see Morosan P, Rademacher J, Schleicher A, et al. 2001 Human primary auditory cortex: Cytoarchitecture, subdivisions and mapping into a spatial reference system. Neuroimage 13:684-701; Zilles and Amunts 2012). Its Pars posterior (Posterior part or Wernicke's area) is a loosely defined region which comprises the Posterior part of BA22 but also parts of the Inferior parietal lobule.
6020	See note # 6019
6021	The Dorsal part of the Gyrus temporalis superior contains three Sulci temporales transversi (Transverse temporal sulci): the Planum polare (Polar plane) is separated from the Transverse temporal gyri of Heschl by the Sulcus temporalis transversus anterior (Anterior transverse temporal sulcus), the Gyri temporales transversi (Transverse temporal gyri) are subdivided by the Sulcus temporalis transversus intermedius (Intermediate transverse temporal sulcus), and the Planum temporale (Temporal plane) is separated from the Posterior transverse temporal gyrus by the Sulcus temporalis transversus posterior (Posterior transverse temporal sulcus or Heschl's sulcus; see Duvernoy 1992).
6024	See note # 6021
6029	For the Inferomedial aspect of the Temporal lobe, usually the terms Gyrus temporalis inferior (T3), Gyrus fusiformis (T4) and Gyrus parahippocampalis (T5) are used, separated by the Occipitotemporal and the Collateral sulci.
6030	See note # 9188
6052	The following Gyri orbitales can be distinguished: 1) the Gyrus orbitalis medialis, the gyrus between the olfactory sulcus and the medial orbital sulcus; 2) the Gyrus orbitalis anterior, the cortex rostral to the transverse orbital sulcus; 3) the Gyrus orbitalis posterior, the cortex caudal to the transverse orbital sulcus; and 4) the Gyrus orbitalis lateralis, the gyrus lateral to the lateral orbital sulcus. The caudal parts of the medial and posterior orbital gyri merge to form the Lobulus orbitalis posteromedialis as described by Türe U, Yasargil DCH, Al-Mefti O, Yasargil MC (1999 Topographic anatomy of the insular region. J Neurosurg 90:720-733) and Naidich TP, Kang E, Fatterpekar GM, et al. (2004 The insula: Anatomic study and MR imaging display at 1.5T. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 25:222-232). Mai and Majtanik (2017 Human Brain in Standard MNI Space. Academic/Elsevier, San Diego) also described a Regio orbitalis posterolateralis.
6053	Lateral to the Sulcus olfactorius, there are two longitudinally directed sulci, the Sulcus orbitalis medialis and the Sulcus orbitalis lateralis, which are joined together by the Sulcus orbitalis transversus to form the impression of an H or a K pattern (Duvernoy 1992; Petrides and Pandya 2012). The cingulate sulcus continues around the rostrum of the corpus callosum, where it is also known as the Sulcus rostralis superior. This sulcus may continue as the Sulcus rostralis inferior, which separates the straight gyrus from the medial surface of the frontal lobe.
6067	The Gyrus cingularis (Cingulate gyrus) can at least be divided into an Anterior, a Posterior and a Retrosplenial part. Vogt BA, Palomero-Gallagher N (2012 Cingulate cortex. In: Mai JK, Paxinos G, eds: The Human Nervous System, 3rd ed. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 943-987) added a Midcingulate cortex.
6069	See note # 8762
6071	The Uncus is treated in various ways: 1) as the rostral part of the Parahippocampal gyrus; 2) as a structure on its own. TNA suggests the latter. Insausti R and Amaral DG (2012 Hippocampal formation. In: Mai JK, Paxinos G, eds: The Human Nervous System, 3rd ed. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 896-942) advocated to restrict the term Uncus to the Gyrus uncinatus, the Band or limbus of Giacomini and the Gyrus intralimbicus (or Uncal apex). The Sulcus semianularis (Semi-anular sulcus) separates the Ambient and Semilunar sulci (see Duvernoy HM 1992, 1998 The Human Hippocampus, 2nd ed. Springer, Berlin-Heidelberg-New York). The Gyrus uncinatus is the most rostral part of Uncal bulge, according to Insausti and Amaral (2012) and part of field CA1. The Limbus fasciae dentatae (Band of dentate gyrus) is the Middle part of the Uncus, first described by Giacomini CH (1884 Fascia dentata du grand hippocampe dans le cerveau de l'homme. Arch Ital Biol 5:1-16, 205-209, 396-417) and part of the Dentate gyrus. The Gyrus intralimbicus (Intralimbic gyrus or Uncal apex) is the most caudal part of the Uncal bulge and part of field CA3.
6125	The Archicortex includes the Hippocampus (Ammon's horn, Dentate gyrus and Subiculum), Presubiculum, Parasubiculum, Entorhinal cortex, Retrosplenial cortex and a cortical band in the Cingulate gyrus (Stephan 1975; Zilles K, Amunts K 2012 Architecture of the cerebral cortex. In: Mai JK, Paxinos G, eds: The Human Nervous System, 3rd ed. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 836-895).
6126	The Paleocortex includes the Olfactory bulb, Retrobulbar region ('Anterior olfactory nucleus'), Olfactory tubercle, Septal and Piriform (BA51) regions and a minor part of the Amygdala (Stephan 1975; Zilles and Amunts 2012).
6128	The Allocortex includes the Paleocortex and the Archicortex (Filimonoff IN 1947 A rational subdivision of the cerebral cortex. Arch Neurol Psychiatry 58:296-311; Stephan H 1975 Allocortex. In: Bargmann W (ed) Handbuch der mikroskopischen Anatomie des Menschen, Vol 4: Nervensystem, Band 9. Springer).
6129	The Mesocortex (Rose M 1927 Der Allocortex bei Tier und Mensch. I. Teil. J Psychol Neurol (Lpz) 34:1-11) comprises the Proisocortex, a transition area between the Isocortex and the Allocortex, and the Periallocortex, the adjoining part of the Allocortex (Filimonoff 1947); also known as Paralimbic cortex (Mesulam 1985). The Periallocortex can further be subdivided into the Peripaleocortex (Claustrum) and the Periarchicortex (Entorhinal, Presubicular and Retrosplenial cortices and part of the Cingulate gyrus; Filimonoff 1947; Zilles and Amunts 2012).
6167	Under this Heading the structures presented in TA as Substantia basalis, Substantia innominata and Area septalis are grouped. Reichert's 'Substantia innominata' was for a long time a 'terra incognita' of the Basal forebrain. The extensive studies by Heimer and colleagues (Heimer L, Harlan RE, Alheid GF, et al. 1997 Substantia innominata: A notion which impedes clinico-anatomical correlations in neuropsychiatric disorders. Neuroscience 76:957-1006; Heimer et al. 1999; Sakamoto et al. 1999) make the term SI more or less superfluous.
6168	The Nuclei of the Corpus amygdaloideum (Amygdaloid body) are replaced into groups following de Olmos JS (2004 Amygdala. In Paxinos G, Mai JK, eds: The Human Nervous System, 2nd ed. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 739-868) and Mai JK, Paxinos G, Voss T (2008 Atlas of the Human Brain, 3rd ed. Elsevier, Amsterdam).
6182	See note # 8686
6185	The Nucleus striae terminalis (Bed nucleus of the stria terminalis) can be subdivided into various subnuclei, the best known are the Lateral and Medial divisions (see Heimer L, de Olmos J, Alheid GF, et al. 1999 The human basal forebrain, Part 1. Handb Chem Neuroanatomy 15:57-226; Sakamoto N, Pearson J, Shinoda K, Alheid GF 1999 The human basal forebrain, Part 1. Handb Chem Neuroanat 15:1-55).
6187	Traditionally, the Claustrum is divided into a Dorsal (Insular) claustrum, connected with the Isocortex, and a Ventral (Piriform) claustrum or Endopiriform nucleus, connected with the Allocortex (see Druga R 2014 The structure and connections of the claustrum. In: Smythies JR, Edelstein LR, Ramachandran VS, eds: The Claustrum, Academic Press, San Diego, CA, pp 29-84).
6230	The Subpallium develops from four Developmental domains (see Puelles L, Harrison M, Paxinos G, Watson C 2013 A developmental ontology for the mammalian brain based on the prosomeric model. Trends Neurosci 36:570-578). Traditionally, the Preoptic area is discussed together with the Hypothalamus. The Amygdala arises from all four Subpallial domains as well as from the Pallium ventrale.
6254	The Pars retrolentiformis of the Internal capsule should be treated as a separate component, not as part of the Posterior limb; Crus retrolentiforme suggested as synonym. The Pars sublentiformis also forms a separate component of the Internal capsule; Crus sublentiforme suggested as synonym.
6259	See note # 6254
6267	The Capsula extrema (Extreme capsule) forms one of the Long association systems involved in language processing (see Catani M, Thiebaut de Schotten M 2012 Atlas of Human Brain Connections. Oxford University Press, Oxford).
6269	Although in the Fasciculus arcuatus (Arcuate fasciculus) three segments (anterior, long and posterior) were distinguished (Cayani M, Jones DK, ffytche DH 2005 Perisylvian language pathways. Ann Neurol 57:8-16), more recent research showed that the anterior segment belongs to the superior longitudinal fasciculus and the posterior segment is in reality separate and was renamed Fasciculus temporoparietalis verticalis (temporoparietal vertical or aslant tract), leaving the long segment as the true arcuate fasciculus (Fernandez-Miranda JC, Wang Y, Pathak S, et al. 2015 Asymmetry, connectivity, and segmentation of the arcuate fascicle in the human brain. Brain Struct Funct 220:3665-3680)
6272	The Fasciculus longitudinalis superior (Superior longitudinal fasciculus) appears to be composed of three bundles (SLFI-III or Superior, Middle and Inferior; Makris N, Kennedy DN, McInerney S, et al. 2005 Segmentation of subcomponents within the superior longitudinal fascicle in humans: A quantitative, in vivo, DT-MRI study. Cereb Cortex 15:854-869) as in monkeys (Schmahmann JD, Pandya DN 2006 Fiber Pathways of the Brain. Oxford University Press, New York; Thiebaut de Schotten M, Dell'Acqua F, Valabreque R, Catani M 2012 Monkey to human comparative anatomy of the frontal lobe association tracts. Cortex 48:82-96).
6273	Here, the new nomenclature for the long association fibres of the cerebrum is advocated as proposed by Mandonnet E, Sarubbo S, Petit L (2018 The nomenclature of human white matter association pathways: Proposal for a systematic taxonomic anatomical classification. Front Neuroanat 12:94).
6274	The Fibrae U-figuratae (U-shaped fibres) were first described by Meynert (1872), and replaced the term Fibrae arcuatae cerebri (Arnold 1838) that became obsolete.
6278	Recently, the Fasciculus temporoparietalis verticalis (Temporoparietal aslant tract) was demonstrated, replacing the vertical segment of the arcuate fasciculus (Panesar SS, Belo JT, Yeh F-C, Fernandez-Miranda JC 2019 Structure, asymmetry, and connectivity of the human temporo-parietal asland and vertical occipital fasciculi. Brain Struct Funct 224:907-923; see also 6273).
6286	(Commissura hippocampi): The old term Psalterium has been added; much in use by clinicians; for a study on the cells of origin of commissural connections of the monkey hippocampal formation, see Amaral DG, Insausti R, Cowan WM (1984) The commissural connections of the monkey hippocampal formation. J Comp Neurol 224:307-336.
8539	The Via endofolialis (Endfolial pathway) is composed of Hilar Schaffer collaterals from CA3h (see Lim C, Mufson EJ, Kordower JH, et al. 1997 Connections of the hippocampal formation in humans. II. The endfolial pathway. J Comp Neurol 385:352-371).
8624	The Nucleus preopticus ventrolateralis is a recently discovered Preoptic nucleus, a sleep-promoting nucleus (Saper CB, Chou TC, Scammell TE 2001 The sleep switch: Hypothalamic control of sleep and wakefulness. Trends Neurosci 24:726-731).
8659	The Sulcus frontomarginalis (Frontomarginal sulcus of Wernicke) is an important landmark in the frontal polar region (Duvernoy HM 1992 Le cerveau humain. Springer, Paris; Tamraz JC, Comair YG 2006 Atlas of Regional Anatomy of the Brain Using MRI. Springer, Berlin-Heidelberg-New York), and used as such in the DTI literature (Catani M, Thiebaut de Schotten M 2012 Atlas of Human Brain Connections. Oxford University Press, Oxford).
8663	The various Motor areas of the Frontal lobe are known as F1-F7 in monkey brains (see Geyer G, Luppino L, Rozzi G 2012 Motor cortex. In: Mai JK, Paxinos G, eds: The Human Nervous System, 3rd ed. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 1012-1035): F1 is the Primary motor cortex, F2 the Caudal part of the Cortex premotorius dorsalis, F3, the the Caudal part of the Cortex premotorius medialis (SMA proper), F4 the Caudal part of the Cortex premotorius ventralis, F5 the Rostral part of the Cortex premotorius ventralis, F6 the Rostral part of the Cortex premotorius medialis (Pre-SMA), and F7 the Rostral part of the Cortex premotorius dorsalis.
8664	See note # 8663
8665	See note # 8663
8666	Usually, the Sulcus centralis does not reach the Sulcus lateralis and is separated from it by a short gyrus, the Gyrus subcentralis, which is formed by the 'fusion' of the Precentral and Postcentral gyri in their ventralmost parts. The Subcentral gyrus is delimited in front and behind by the Anterior and Posterior subcentral sulci (Dejerine 1895; Duvernoy 1992; Petrides and Pandya 2012). Also known as: Central or Rolandic operculum, and Inferior frontoparietal 'pli de passage'.
8667	See note # 8666
8668	See note # 8666
8671	See note # 8663
8672	See note # 8663
8675	See note # 6052
8676	See note # 6052
8677	See note # 6052
8678	See note # 6052
8679	See note # 6053
8680	See note # 6053
8681	See note # 6053
8686	The term Nucleus olfactorius anterior of TA is mostly cortical and is replaced by the more appropriate term Regio retrobulbaris (see Zilles and Amunts 2012). The two- or three-layered structure recognizable in lower primates is hardly visible in the human brain.
8706	See note # 6019
8708	See note # 6019
8714	The Cortex ectorhinalis (BA36) is often included as part of the Perirhinal cortex (Ding S-L, Van Hoesen GW 2010 Borders, extent, and topography of human perirhinal cortex as revealed using multiple modern neuroanatomical and pathological markers. Hum Brain Mapp 31:1359-1379) but lies on the other side of the Collateral sulcus.
8719	The Cortex perirhinalis (Perirhinal cortex) is also not included in TA; for description, see Augustinack JC, Huber KE, Stevens AA, et al. (2013 Predicting the location of human perirhinal cortex, Brodmann's area 35, from MRI. Neuroimage 64:32-42).
8724	Field CA4 appears to correspond most closely to the polymorph zone of the Dentate gyrus, and, therefore, is not a field of the Hippocampus at all. Amaral and Insausti (Amaral DG, Insausti R 1990 Hippocampal formation. In: Paxinos G, ed: The Human Nervous System. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, pp 711-755) suggested the term 'CA3h' for the pyramidal cells within the hilus ('h'), continuous with CA3.
8734	See note # 6071
8735	See note # 6071
8736	See note # 6071
8737	See note # 6071
8738	See note # 6071
8739	In the French literature, for the Inner ring of the Limbic lobe the term Gyrus intralimbicus is used. In the German literature, however, this term is used for the Uncal apex.
8740	The Cortex entorhinalis (Entorhinal cortex) is not included in TA; for description, see Braak H, Braak E (1992 The human entorhinal cortex: Normal morphology and lamina-specific pathology in various diseases. Neurosci Res 15:6-31. The Substantia reticularis alba (White reticular substance of Arnold) is the white matter surrounding the darker patches of Layer 2 cell islands. The Verrucae hippocampi (Hippocampal warts) are located above these cell islands and described by Retzius G (1896 Das Menschenhirn: Studien in der makroskopischen Morphologie. Norstedt, Stockholm) and Klingler J (1948 Die makroskopische Anatomie der Ammonsformation. Denkschr Schweiz Naturforsch Ges, Vol 78, Fretz, Zürich). They mark the surface of the Entorhinal cortex.
8742	See note # 8740
8756	The Sulcus intrarhinalis (Intrarhinal sulcus) is found between the Ambient gyrus and the Entorhinal cortex (see Duvernoy 1992; Insausti and Amaral 2012).
8757	See note # 8762
8762	The Dentes subiculi (Gyri of Andreas Retzius) were described by Retzius (1896) for the Caudal part of CA1 at the Hippocampal tail; the term Gyri subspleniales (Subsplenial gyri) indicate their position. Deep to the Gyri andreae retzii, two obliquely oriented small gyri are found (Duvernoy 1998; Insausti and Amaral 2012): 1) a medial gyrus: the Fasciola cinerea, which forms the visible part of the Dentate gyrus as descibed by Giacomini (1884) and Klingler (1948); and 2) a lateral gyrus: Gyrus fasciolaris (Fasciolar gyrus), corresponding to the caudal end of the CA3 field.
8768	The Cortex perirhinalis (Perirhinal cortex; BA35) and the Transentorhinal subregion of Braak and Braak (1992) are somewhat synonymous terms (Augustinack JC, Huber KE, Stevens AA, et al. 2013 Predicting the location of human perirhinal cortex, Brodmann's area 35, from MRI. Neuroimage 64:32-42). In other studies (Ding S-L, Van Hoesen GW 2010 Borders, extent, and topography of human perirhinal cortex as revealed using multiple modern neuroanatomical and pathological markers. Hum Brain Mapp 31:1359-1379), BA 36 is included within the Perirhinal cortex. This is unfortunate since BA35 is periarchicortex but BA36 (Ectorhinal cortex) is truly isocortex. The Layers of BA35 are comparable to those of the adjacent Entorhinal cortex.
8780	See note # 5996
8781	The Sulcus intermedius primus (First intermediate sulcus of Jensen) may subdivide the Lobulus parietalis inferior into the Gyrus supramarginalis and the Gyrus angularis (Duvernoy 1992; Tamraz and Comair 2006). The Sulcus intermedius secundus (Second intermediate sulcus of Eberstaller) is found posterior to Jensen's sulcus.
8782	See note # 8781
8793	See note # 5972
8797	The large cholinergic neurons of the Striatum were originally described as Giant interneurons by Kölliker. Three types of GABAergic striatal interneurons can be distinguished, based on size and the colocalization of Parvalbumin, Somatostatin/NPY and Calretinin (Bolam 2010; Haber et al. 2012).
8798	See note # 5972
8820	Mainly GABAergic interneurons (see Markram H, Toledo-Rodriguez M, Wang Y, et al. 2004 Interneurons of the neocortical inhibitory system. Nat Rev Neurosci 5:793-807; Ascoli GA et al. 2008 Petilla terminology: Nomenclature of features of GABAergic interneurons of the cerebral cortex. Nat Rev Neurosci 9:557-568; DeFelipe J et al. 2013 New insights into the classification and nomenclature of cortical GABAergic interneurons. Nat Rev Neurosci 14:202-216); the current subdivision is based on preferred postsynaptic region.
8826	See note # 5972
8827	See note # 5972
8830	Functional subdivision of the Isocortex as described by Mesulam M-M (1985 Patterns in behavioral neuroanatomy. In: Mesulam M-M, ed: Principles of Behavioral Neurology. Davis, Philadelphia, PN, pp 1-70). The Granular isocortex ranges from Hypergranular through Granular to Dysgranular.
9122	The Lobulus parietalis superior may be divided into an anterior and a posterior portion by the Sulcus parietalis transversus (Transverse parietal sulcus of Brissaud), originating on the medial side and extending to the lateral side of the hemisphere (see Tamraz and Comair 2006).
9135	Here, the Isocortical neurons are added, in part following and modifying TH terms. They are subdivided into Pyramidal neurons (Projection, Commissural nand Association eurons) and Excitatory and Inhibitory interneurons. In general, Small pyramidal neurons are found in Layer II and give rise to ipsilateral Corticocortical projections. Medium-sized pyramidal neurons are found in Layer III and give rise to Commissural projections. The Large pyramidal neurons in Layer V give rise to the Corticofugal projections (Mountcastle VB 1998 The Cerebral Cortex. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA).
9180	The Pallium laterale gives rise to the Claustro-insular complex (see Puelles L 2014 Development and evolution of the claustrum. In: Smythies JR, Edelstein LR, Ramachandran VS, eds: The Claustrum, Academic Press, San Diego, CA, pp 119-176).
9188	The Insula is composed of three Belt regions (see Mesulam M-M and Mufson EJ (1985 The insula of Reil in man and monkey. Architectonics, connectivity and function. In: Peters A, Jones EG, eds, Cerebral Cortex, Vol 4, Plenum Press, New York, pp 179-226): 1) The Cortex insularis agranularis (Agranular insular cortex, where Layers II and IV are lacking) in the Anterior insula is characterized by a Superficial pyramidal layer and an Inner cell layer, continuous with the Pyramidal layer of the Piriform cortex. Here, the recently rediscovered von Economo neurons (VENs) are found (see Allman JM, Tetreault NA, Hakeem AY, et al. 2011 The von Economo neurons in fronto-insular and anterior cingulate cortex. Ann NY Acad Sci 1225:59-71). 2) The Cortex insularis dysgranularis (Dysgranular insular cortex), a Proisocortical region characterized by the presence of an inconspicuous Inner granular layer IV. Layers V and VI are also not as clearly separated from each other as in true isocortex. 3) The Cortex insularis granularis (Granular insular cortex), a posterior granular region with clearly visible Inner (layer IV) and Outer (layer II) granular layers (True isocortex; see also Zilles and Amunts 2012).
9223	See note # 9188
9227	See note # 9188
9305	The classic Golgi studies by Cajal (Ramón y Cajal S 1909-1911 Histologie du système nerveux de l'homme et des vertébrés. Maloine, Paris) and Lorente de Nó R (1934 Studies on the structure of the cerebral cortex. II. Continuation of the study of the ammonic system. J Psychol Neurol (Lpz) 46:113-177) showed the presence of some 20 different types of interneurons in the Hippocampus. Most of them have been immunohistochemically defined (see Freund TF, Buzsaki G 1996 Interneurons of the hippocampus. Hippocampus 6:347-470; Somogyi P 2010 Hippocampus: Intrinsic organization. In: Shepherd GM, Grillner S, eds: Handbook of Brain Microcircuitry. Oxford University Press, New York, pp 148-164). Some 28 types of GABAergic interneurons can be distinguished (Somogyi 2010), basically: Basket neurons, Bistratified neurons, and Chandelier neurons.
9368	There are many types of Short-axon cells described by among others Blanes, Cajal (Vertical cell), Golgi and Van Gehuchten (Mori K 1987) Membrane and synaptic properties of identified neurons in the olfactory bulb. Prog Neurobiol 29:275-430; Shepherd GM, Chen WR, Greer CA 2004 Olfactory bulb. In: Shepherd GM, ed: The Synaptic Organization of the Brain, 5th ed. Oxford Uniersity Press, New York, pp 165-216). As in TH, these cells are not included.
9417	In the Cortex entorhinalis (Entorhinal cortex), Insausti et al. (Insausti R, Tuñón T, Sobreviela T, et al. 1995 The human entorhinal cortex: A cytoarchitectonic analysis. J Comp Neurol 355:171-198) distinguished 8 subfields (EO, ER, ELR, EMI, EI, ELC, EC and ECL). For the layers of the Entorhinal cortex, the subdivision by Insausti and Amaral (2012) into six Laminae is advocated. To avoid confusion with isocortical layers, here, arabic numerals are used as in the literature. TH Latin and English terms (H4.8.03.104/114) are added. For Layers 2 and 3, the general term External principal layer is advocated, for Layer 5 Internal principal layer, following Braak H, Braak E (1992 The human entorhinal cortex: Normal morphology and lamina-specific pathology in various diseases. Neurosci Res 15:6-31). Layer 2 is made up of islands of relatively large and darkly stained modified pyramidal and stellate cells (Braak and Braak 1992: Pre-a). Layer 3 corresponds to layers Pre-ß and Pre-? of Braak and Braak (1992). The layers Pre-a, Pre-ß and Pre-? form their External principal layer. Layer 5 corresponds to the Internal principal layer with sublayers Pri-a, Pri-ß and Pri-? of Braak and Braak (1992).
9433	The complex Cortex retrosplenialis (Retrosplenial cortex) consists of Periarchicortical (BA26) and Proisocortical (BA29, 30) areas (Braak H 1980 Architectonics of the Human Telencephalic Cortex. Springer, Berlin-Heidelberg-New York; Zilles and Amunts 2012). The TH nomenclature (H4.8.03.122/129) seems to combine these different structures. The Cortex ectosplenialis (Ectosplenial cortex; BA26) has a primitive three-laminar pattern with Molecular, Densocellular and Multiform layers. The Cortex retrosplenialis granularis (Granular retrosplenial cortex; BA29) shows a four-layered structure: Molecular, External and Internal pyramidal and Multiform layers. The Cortex retrosplenialis dysgranularis (Dysgranular retrosplenial cortex; BA 30) shows a further progression of laminar differentiation with an additional (Internal) granular layer.
9454	For further subdivision of the Cortex cingularis (Cingulate cortex) with Layers, see Vogt BA, Palomero-Gallager N (2012) Cingulate cortex. In: Mai JK, Paxinos G, eds: The Human Nervous System, 3rd ed. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 934-987.
9459	This term, introduced in 1684 by Vieussens as 'Centrum ovale' to indicate the oval shape of the Cerebral white matter, continuous with the Internal capsule, was later changed into Centrum semiovale by Flatau E (1894 Atlas des menschlichen Gehirns und des Faserverlaufes. Karger, Berlin) and others. In the clinical literature, this term is common usage. It was included by His and colleagues in the BNA.
9508	The Pedunculus temporalis (Temporal peduncle) forms the connection between the temporal and frontal lobes and contains: (1) the Fasciculus occipitofrontalis inferior (Inferior occipitofrontal fasciculus); and (2) the Fasciculus uncinatus cerebri (Uncinate fasciculus).
9509	The Fasciculus subcallosus (Subcallosal fasciculus or Bundle of Muratoff; Muratoff W 1893 Secundäre Degenerationen nach Durchschneidung des Balkens. Neurol Centralbl 12:714-729) forms a separate bundle of Corticostriatal fibres (see Schmahmann JD, Pandya DN 2007 The complex history of the fronto-occipital fasciculus. J Hist Med 16:362-377).
9510	The Fasciculus frontalis obliquus (Frontal aslant tract or Frontal oblique tract) connects the SMA and pre-SMA with the opercular part of the Inferior frontal gyrus (Catani M, Dell'Acqua F, Vergani F, et al. 2012 Short frontal lobe connections of the human brain. Cortex 48:273-291).
9583	De Olmos (de Olmos J 1990 Amygdala. In: Paxinos G, ed: The Human Nervous System. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, pp 583-710) introduced the term 'Olfactory amygdala' for the 'Superficial cortex-like amygdaloid region' (Yilmazer-Hanke DM 2012 Amygdala. In: Mai JK, Paxinos G, eds: The Human Nervous System, 3rd ed. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 759-834).
9840	The Striatum and Putamen consist of AChE-poor Striosomes within an AChE-rich matrix (Graybiel AM, Ragsdale CW Jr 1978 Histochemically distinct compartments in the striatum of human, monkey and cat demonstrated by acetylthiocholinesterase staining. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 75:5723-5726; Graybiel AM 1990 Neurotransmitters and modulators in the basal ganglia. Trends Neurosci 13:244-254).
9844	The term Fundus striati points to the ventral parts of the Caudate nucleus and Putamen, that with the Nucleus accumbens and the Olfactory tubercle form the Ventral Striatum.
9852	For Golgi studies see Braak H, Braak E (1982 Neuronal types in the striatum of man. Cell Tissue Res 227:319-342), and Graveland GA, Williams RS, DiFiglia M (1985 A Golgi study of the human neostriatum: Neurons and afferent fibers. J Comp Neurol 234:317-333); for immunohistochemical and physiological data see Bolam JP (2010 Microcircuits of the striatum. In: Shepherd GM, Grillner S, eds: Handbook of Brain Microcircuits. Oxford University Press, New York, pp 109-119) and Haber SN, Adler A, Bergman H (2012 The basal ganglia. In: Mai JK, Paxinos G, eds: The Human Nervous System, 3rd ed. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 678-838).
12155	In the Regio periamygdaloidea (Periamygdaloid region) according to Brockhaus H (1940 Zur normalen und pathologischen Anatomie des Mandelkerngebietes. J Psychol Neurol (Lpz) 49:1-136) and Stephan (1975) only two layers can be distinguished.
12158	Frequently, a series of furrows delineates the Sulcus paracinguli (Paracingulate sulcus), which separates the medial division of the superior frontal gyrus from the Gyrus paracinguli (Paracingulate gyrus).
12159	See note # 12158
12160	See note # 6052
12161	See note # 6052
12162	See note # 6053
12163	See note # 6053
12168	TH subdivision into six layers (H4.8.03.115/121) suggested a well-divided structure. Insausti and Amaral (2012) emphasized that the laminar organization of the Presubiculum is complex and only poorly understood. They described a single, superficially located cellular layer made up of External and Internal principal layers. Their subdivision is followed here.

Signature

Type of list	P3F
List Unit Identifier	5264
Sublist 1	5972 pallium 14/5 on 31.1.2025
Sublist 2	5991 lobus frontalis 223/80 on 12.12.2020
Sublist 3	6004 lobus parietalis 50/21 on 14.3.2020
Sublist 4	6013 lobus occipitalis 55/20 on 14.3.2020
Sublist 5	6017 lobus temporalis 82/31 on 14.3.2020
Sublist 6	6030 insula 44/15 on 27.3.2019
Sublist 7	6066 lobus limbicus 137/48 on 3.4.2019
Sublist 8	6077 corpus callosum 4/5 on 19.4.2018
Sublist 9	6098 septum pellucidum 4/3 on 19.4.2018
Sublist 10	6125 archicortex 121/48 on 14.3.2020
Sublist 11	6126 paleocortex 122/41 on 19.4.2018
Sublist 12	6129 mesocortex 101/34 on 12.12.2020
Sublist 13	6130 isocortex 188/63 on 31.1.2025
Sublist 14	6167 pars basalis telencephal proprius 97/34 on 2.2.2025
Sublist 15	6168 corpus amygdaloideum 75/28 on 1.2.2025
Sublist 16	6216 nucleus basalis 162/69 on 2.2.2025
Sublist 17	6230 subpallium 12/5 on 9.3.2019
Sublist 18	9180 complexus claustroinsularis 29/10 on 19.4.2018
Sublist 19	9449 substantia alba hemispherii cerebri 117/98 on 2.2.2025
Sublist 20	12438 gyrus interlobaris 29/10 on 14.3.2020
Sublist 21	13176 sulcus interlobaris 45/16 on 14.3.2020
Subtotals	subchildren 1711 subunits 684
Proper children	63
Number of children	1774 (validated)
Proper units	17
Number of units	701 (validated)
Signature	13166 (validated since 13.12.2020)

Date: 02.02.2025

FEDERATIVE INTERNATIONAL PROGRAMME FOR ANATOMICAL TERMINOLOGY Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0)